2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
31 #include <linux/initrd.h>
32 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
33 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
34 #include <linux/console.h>
35 #include <linux/mca.h>
36 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
37 #include <linux/highmem.h>
38 #include <linux/module.h>
39 #include <linux/efi.h>
40 #include <linux/init.h>
41 #include <linux/edd.h>
42 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
43 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
44 #include <linux/kexec.h>
45 #include <linux/dmi.h>
46 #include <linux/pfn.h>
47 #include <linux/pci.h>
48 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
49 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
51 #include <video/edid.h>
56 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
57 #include <asm/mmzone.h>
58 #include <asm/setup.h>
59 #include <asm/arch_hooks.h>
60 #include <asm/sections.h>
62 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
66 #include <setup_arch.h>
67 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
68 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
69 #include <asm/processor.h>
73 /* This value is set up by the early boot code to point to the value
74 immediately after the boot time page tables. It contains a *physical*
75 address, and must not be in the .bss segment! */
76 unsigned long init_pg_tables_start __initdata = ~0UL;
77 unsigned long init_pg_tables_end __initdata = ~0UL;
82 static struct resource data_resource = {
83 .name = "Kernel data",
86 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
89 static struct resource code_resource = {
90 .name = "Kernel code",
93 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
96 static struct resource bss_resource = {
100 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
105 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
106 .name = "Video RAM area",
109 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
112 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
113 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
114 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
115 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
116 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
117 static void set_mca_bus(int x)
124 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
126 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
127 unsigned int machine_id;
128 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
129 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
131 struct apm_info apm_info;
132 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
134 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
135 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
136 struct ist_info ist_info;
137 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
139 struct ist_info ist_info;
143 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly;
144 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
148 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
149 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
151 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
154 /* Boot loader ID as an integer, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
161 char dmi_alloc_data[DMI_MAX_DATA];
166 struct screen_info screen_info;
167 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
168 struct edid_info edid_info;
169 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
171 extern int root_mountflags;
173 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
175 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
176 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
177 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
179 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
181 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
183 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
187 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
188 * from boot_params into a safe place.
191 static inline void copy_edd(void)
193 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
194 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
195 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
196 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
197 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
200 static inline void copy_edd(void)
205 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
209 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
210 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
213 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
214 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
215 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
217 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
220 /* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
221 ramdisk_here = find_e820_area(0, end_of_lowmem, ramdisk_size,
224 if (ramdisk_here == -1ULL)
225 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
228 /* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
229 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
230 reserve_early(ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size,
232 initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
233 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
234 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n",
235 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size);
237 q = (char *)initrd_start;
239 /* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
240 if (ramdisk_image < end_of_lowmem) {
241 clen = end_of_lowmem - ramdisk_image;
242 p = (char *)__va(ramdisk_image);
245 ramdisk_image += clen;
246 ramdisk_size -= clen;
249 /* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
250 while (ramdisk_size) {
251 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
253 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
254 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
255 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
256 p = early_ioremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
257 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
258 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
260 ramdisk_image += clen;
261 ramdisk_size -= clen;
263 /* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
264 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
265 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
266 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from %016llx - %016llx to"
267 " %08llx - %08llx\n",
268 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
269 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
273 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
275 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
276 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
277 u64 ramdisk_end = ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size;
278 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
280 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
281 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
282 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
286 if (ramdisk_size >= (end_of_lowmem>>1)) {
287 free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
288 printk(KERN_ERR "initrd too large to handle, "
289 "disabling initrd\n");
293 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n", ramdisk_image,
297 if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
298 /* All in lowmem, easy case */
300 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
301 * in i386_start_kernel
303 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
304 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
311 printk(KERN_ERR "initrd extends beyond end of memory "
312 "(0x%08llx > 0x%08llx)\ndisabling initrd\n",
313 ramdisk_end, end_of_lowmem);
316 free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
319 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
322 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
325 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
326 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
327 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
328 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
329 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
331 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
333 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
334 pre_setup_arch_hook();
336 early_ioremap_init();
337 reserve_setup_data();
339 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
340 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
341 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
342 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
343 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
344 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
345 if( boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0 ) {
346 set_mca_bus(boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[3] & 0x2);
347 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
348 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
349 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
351 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
353 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
354 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
355 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
356 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
359 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
371 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
372 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
373 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
374 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
375 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
376 init_mm.brk = init_pg_tables_end + PAGE_OFFSET;
378 code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
379 code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
380 data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
381 data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
382 bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
383 bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
385 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
386 *cmdline_p = command_line;
392 if (acpi_mps_check()){
393 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
394 enable_local_apic = -1;
396 clear_cpu_cap(&boot_cpu_data, X86_FEATURE_APIC);
399 finish_e820_parsing();
403 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
404 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
405 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
406 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
411 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
412 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
414 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
415 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
416 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
419 e820_register_active_regions(0, 0, -1UL);
421 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
422 * we are rounding upwards:
424 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram();
426 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
427 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
428 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
430 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn)) {
431 remove_all_active_ranges();
432 e820_register_active_regions(0, 0, -1UL);
433 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram();
436 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
437 find_low_pfn_range();
439 /* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
440 max_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(0, (max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT));
449 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
451 acpi_boot_table_init();
453 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
455 * Parse SRAT to discover nodes.
460 initmem_init(0, max_pfn);
462 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
464 * Reserve low memory region for sleep support.
466 acpi_reserve_bootmem();
468 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_FIND_SMP_CONFIG
470 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
474 reserve_crashkernel();
476 reserve_ibft_region();
478 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_CLOCK
484 * Must be after max_low_pfn is determined, and before kernel
485 * pagetables are setup.
493 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
496 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
497 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
498 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
501 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_GENERICARCH
502 generic_apic_probe();
508 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
512 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_MPPARSE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_VISWS)
514 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
516 if (smp_found_config)
519 #if defined(CONFIG_SMP) && defined(CONFIG_X86_PC)
521 printk(KERN_WARNING "More than 8 CPUs detected and "
522 "CONFIG_X86_PC cannot handle it.\nUse "
523 "CONFIG_X86_GENERICARCH or CONFIG_X86_BIGSMP.\n");
527 e820_reserve_resources();
528 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
530 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
531 reserve_standard_io_resources();
536 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
537 if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
538 conswitchp = &vga_con;
539 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
540 conswitchp = &dummy_con;