Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl

   1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   2 <!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
   3         "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []>
   4
   5 <book id="LinuxKernelAPI">
   6  <bookinfo>
   7   <title>The Linux Kernel API</title>
   8
   9   <legalnotice>
  10    <para>
  11      This documentation is free software; you can redistribute
  12      it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
  13      License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  14      version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
  15      version.
  16    </para>
  17
  18    <para>
  19      This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
  20      useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
  21      warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  22      See the GNU General Public License for more details.
  23    </para>
  24
  25    <para>
  26      You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
  27      License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
  28      Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
  29      MA 02111-1307 USA
  30    </para>
  31
  32    <para>
  33      For more details see the file COPYING in the source
  34      distribution of Linux.
  35    </para>
  36   </legalnotice>
  37  </bookinfo>
  38
  39 <toc></toc>
  40
  41   <chapter id="Basics">
  42      <title>Driver Basics</title>
  43      <sect1><title>Driver Entry and Exit points</title>
  44 !Iinclude/linux/init.h
  45      </sect1>
  46
  47      <sect1><title>Atomic and pointer manipulation</title>
  48 !Iinclude/asm-i386/atomic.h
  49 !Iinclude/asm-i386/unaligned.h
  50      </sect1>
  51
  52      <sect1><title>Delaying, scheduling, and timer routines</title>
  53 !Iinclude/linux/sched.h
  54 !Ekernel/sched.c
  55 !Ekernel/timer.c
  56      </sect1>
  57      <sect1><title>Internal Functions</title>
  58 !Ikernel/exit.c
  59 !Ikernel/signal.c
  60      </sect1>
  61
  62      <sect1><title>Kernel objects manipulation</title>
  63 <!--
  64 X!Iinclude/linux/kobject.h
  65 -->
  66 !Elib/kobject.c
  67      </sect1>
  68
  69      <sect1><title>Kernel utility functions</title>
  70 !Iinclude/linux/kernel.h
  71 !Ekernel/printk.c
  72 !Ekernel/panic.c
  73 !Ekernel/sys.c
  74 !Ekernel/rcupdate.c
  75      </sect1>
  76
  77   </chapter>
  78
  79   <chapter id="adt">
  80      <title>Data Types</title>
  81      <sect1><title>Doubly Linked Lists</title>
  82 !Iinclude/linux/list.h
  83      </sect1>
  84   </chapter>
  85
  86   <chapter id="libc">
  87      <title>Basic C Library Functions</title>
  88
  89      <para>
  90        When writing drivers, you cannot in general use routines which are
  91        from the C Library.  Some of the functions have been found generally
  92        useful and they are listed below.  The behaviour of these functions
  93        may vary slightly from those defined by ANSI, and these deviations
  94        are noted in the text.
  95      </para>
  96
  97      <sect1><title>String Conversions</title>
  98 !Ilib/vsprintf.c
  99 !Elib/vsprintf.c
 100      </sect1>
 101      <sect1><title>String Manipulation</title>
 102 <!-- All functions are exported at now
 103 X!Ilib/string.c
 104  -->
 105 !Elib/string.c
 106      </sect1>
 107      <sect1><title>Bit Operations</title>
 108 !Iinclude/asm-i386/bitops.h
 109      </sect1>
 110   </chapter>
 111
 112   <chapter id="mm">
 113      <title>Memory Management in Linux</title>
 114      <sect1><title>The Slab Cache</title>
 115 !Emm/slab.c
 116      </sect1>
 117      <sect1><title>User Space Memory Access</title>
 118 !Iinclude/asm-i386/uaccess.h
 119 !Earch/i386/lib/usercopy.c
 120      </sect1>
 121      <sect1><title>More Memory Management Functions</title>
 122 !Iinclude/linux/rmap.h
 123 !Emm/readahead.c
 124 !Emm/filemap.c
 125 !Emm/memory.c
 126 !Emm/vmalloc.c
 127 !Emm/mempool.c
 128 !Emm/page-writeback.c
 129 !Emm/truncate.c
 130      </sect1>
 131   </chapter>
 132
 133
 134   <chapter id="ipc">
 135      <title>Kernel IPC facilities</title>
 136
 137      <sect1><title>IPC utilities</title>
 138 !Iipc/util.c
 139      </sect1>
 140   </chapter>
 141
 142   <chapter id="kfifo">
 143      <title>FIFO Buffer</title>
 144      <sect1><title>kfifo interface</title>
 145 !Iinclude/linux/kfifo.h
 146 !Ekernel/kfifo.c
 147      </sect1>
 148   </chapter>
 149
 150   <chapter id="proc">
 151      <title>The proc filesystem</title>
 152
 153      <sect1><title>sysctl interface</title>
 154 !Ekernel/sysctl.c
 155      </sect1>
 156
 157      <sect1><title>proc filesystem interface</title>
 158 !Ifs/proc/base.c
 159      </sect1>
 160   </chapter>
 161
 162   <chapter id="debugfs">
 163      <title>The debugfs filesystem</title>
 164
 165      <sect1><title>debugfs interface</title>
 166 !Efs/debugfs/inode.c
 167 !Efs/debugfs/file.c
 168      </sect1>
 169   </chapter>
 170
 171   <chapter id="vfs">
 172      <title>The Linux VFS</title>
 173      <sect1><title>The Filesystem types</title>
 174 !Iinclude/linux/fs.h
 175      </sect1>
 176      <sect1><title>The Directory Cache</title>
 177 !Efs/dcache.c
 178 !Iinclude/linux/dcache.h
 179      </sect1>
 180      <sect1><title>Inode Handling</title>
 181 !Efs/inode.c
 182 !Efs/bad_inode.c
 183      </sect1>
 184      <sect1><title>Registration and Superblocks</title>
 185 !Efs/super.c
 186      </sect1>
 187      <sect1><title>File Locks</title>
 188 !Efs/locks.c
 189 !Ifs/locks.c
 190      </sect1>
 191      <sect1><title>Other Functions</title>
 192 !Efs/mpage.c
 193 !Efs/namei.c
 194 !Efs/buffer.c
 195 !Efs/bio.c
 196 !Efs/seq_file.c
 197 !Efs/filesystems.c
 198 !Efs/fs-writeback.c
 199 !Efs/block_dev.c
 200      </sect1>
 201   </chapter>
 202
 203   <chapter id="netcore">
 204      <title>Linux Networking</title>
 205      <sect1><title>Networking Base Types</title>
 206 !Iinclude/linux/net.h
 207      </sect1>
 208      <sect1><title>Socket Buffer Functions</title>
 209 !Iinclude/linux/skbuff.h
 210 !Iinclude/net/sock.h
 211 !Enet/socket.c
 212 !Enet/core/skbuff.c
 213 !Enet/core/sock.c
 214 !Enet/core/datagram.c
 215 !Enet/core/stream.c
 216      </sect1>
 217      <sect1><title>Socket Filter</title>
 218 !Enet/core/filter.c
 219      </sect1>
 220      <sect1><title>Generic Network Statistics</title>
 221 !Iinclude/linux/gen_stats.h
 222 !Enet/core/gen_stats.c
 223 !Enet/core/gen_estimator.c
 224      </sect1>
 225      <sect1><title>SUN RPC subsystem</title>
 226 <!-- The !D functionality is not perfect, garbage has to be protected by comments
 227 !Dnet/sunrpc/sunrpc_syms.c
 228 -->
 229 !Enet/sunrpc/xdr.c
 230 !Enet/sunrpc/svcsock.c
 231 !Enet/sunrpc/sched.c
 232      </sect1>
 233   </chapter>
 234
 235   <chapter id="netdev">
 236      <title>Network device support</title>
 237      <sect1><title>Driver Support</title>
 238 !Enet/core/dev.c
 239 !Enet/ethernet/eth.c
 240 !Iinclude/linux/etherdevice.h
 241 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 242 X!Enet/core/wireless.c
 243 -->
 244      </sect1>
 245      <sect1><title>Synchronous PPP</title>
 246 !Edrivers/net/wan/syncppp.c
 247      </sect1>
 248   </chapter>
 249
 250   <chapter id="modload">
 251      <title>Module Support</title>
 252      <sect1><title>Module Loading</title>
 253 !Ekernel/kmod.c
 254      </sect1>
 255      <sect1><title>Inter Module support</title>
 256         <para>
 257            Refer to the file kernel/module.c for more information.
 258         </para>
 259 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 260 X!Ekernel/module.c
 261 -->
 262      </sect1>
 263   </chapter>
 264
 265   <chapter id="hardware">
 266      <title>Hardware Interfaces</title>
 267      <sect1><title>Interrupt Handling</title>
 268 !Ekernel/irq/manage.c
 269      </sect1>
 270
 271      <sect1><title>Resources Management</title>
 272 !Ekernel/resource.c
 273      </sect1>
 274
 275      <sect1><title>MTRR Handling</title>
 276 !Earch/i386/kernel/cpu/mtrr/main.c
 277      </sect1>
 278      <sect1><title>PCI Support Library</title>
 279 !Edrivers/pci/pci.c
 280 !Edrivers/pci/pci-driver.c
 281 !Edrivers/pci/remove.c
 282 !Edrivers/pci/pci-acpi.c
 283 <!-- kerneldoc does not understand to __devinit
 284 X!Edrivers/pci/search.c
 285  -->
 286 !Edrivers/pci/msi.c
 287 !Edrivers/pci/bus.c
 288 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 289 X!Edrivers/pci/hotplug.c
 290 -->
 291 !Edrivers/pci/probe.c
 292 !Edrivers/pci/rom.c
 293      </sect1>
 294      <sect1><title>PCI Hotplug Support Library</title>
 295 !Edrivers/pci/hotplug/pci_hotplug_core.c
 296      </sect1>
 297      <sect1><title>MCA Architecture</title>
 298         <sect2><title>MCA Device Functions</title>
 299            <para>
 300               Refer to the file arch/i386/kernel/mca.c for more information.
 301            </para>
 302 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 303 X!Earch/i386/kernel/mca.c
 304 -->
 305         </sect2>
 306         <sect2><title>MCA Bus DMA</title>
 307 !Iinclude/asm-i386/mca_dma.h
 308         </sect2>
 309      </sect1>
 310   </chapter>
 311
 312   <chapter id="devfs">
 313      <title>The Device File System</title>
 314 !Efs/devfs/base.c
 315   </chapter>
 316
 317   <chapter id="sysfs">
 318      <title>The Filesystem for Exporting Kernel Objects</title>
 319 !Efs/sysfs/file.c
 320 !Efs/sysfs/dir.c
 321 !Efs/sysfs/symlink.c
 322 !Efs/sysfs/bin.c
 323   </chapter>
 324
 325   <chapter id="security">
 326      <title>Security Framework</title>
 327 !Esecurity/security.c
 328   </chapter>
 329
 330   <chapter id="pmfuncs">
 331      <title>Power Management</title>
 332 !Ekernel/power/pm.c
 333   </chapter>
 334
 335   <chapter id="devdrivers">
 336      <title>Device drivers infrastructure</title>
 337      <sect1><title>Device Drivers Base</title>
 338 <!--
 339 X!Iinclude/linux/device.h
 340 -->
 341 !Edrivers/base/driver.c
 342 !Edrivers/base/core.c
 343 !Edrivers/base/firmware_class.c
 344 !Edrivers/base/transport_class.c
 345 !Edrivers/base/dmapool.c
 346 <!-- Cannot be included, because
 347      attribute_container_add_class_device_adapter
 348  and attribute_container_classdev_to_container
 349      exceed allowed 44 characters maximum
 350 X!Edrivers/base/attribute_container.c
 351 -->
 352 !Edrivers/base/sys.c
 353 <!--
 354 X!Edrivers/base/interface.c
 355 -->
 356 !Edrivers/base/platform.c
 357 !Edrivers/base/bus.c
 358      </sect1>
 359      <sect1><title>Device Drivers Power Management</title>
 360 !Edrivers/base/power/main.c
 361 !Edrivers/base/power/resume.c
 362 !Edrivers/base/power/suspend.c
 363      </sect1>
 364      <sect1><title>Device Drivers ACPI Support</title>
 365 <!-- Internal functions only
 366 X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/main.c
 367 X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/wakeup.c
 368 X!Edrivers/acpi/motherboard.c
 369 X!Edrivers/acpi/bus.c
 370 -->
 371 !Edrivers/acpi/scan.c
 372 !Idrivers/acpi/scan.c
 373 <!-- No correct structured comments
 374 X!Edrivers/acpi/pci_bind.c
 375 -->
 376      </sect1>
 377      <sect1><title>Device drivers PnP support</title>
 378 !Edrivers/pnp/core.c
 379 <!-- No correct structured comments
 380 X!Edrivers/pnp/system.c
 381  -->
 382 !Edrivers/pnp/card.c
 383 !Edrivers/pnp/driver.c
 384 !Edrivers/pnp/manager.c
 385 !Edrivers/pnp/support.c
 386      </sect1>
 387   </chapter>
 388
 389
 390   <chapter id="blkdev">
 391      <title>Block Devices</title>
 392 !Eblock/ll_rw_blk.c
 393   </chapter>
 394
 395   <chapter id="miscdev">
 396      <title>Miscellaneous Devices</title>
 397 !Edrivers/char/misc.c
 398   </chapter>
 399
 400   <chapter id="viddev">
 401      <title>Video4Linux</title>
 402 !Edrivers/media/video/videodev.c
 403   </chapter>
 404
 405   <chapter id="snddev">
 406      <title>Sound Devices</title>
 407 !Iinclude/sound/core.h
 408 !Esound/sound_core.c
 409 !Iinclude/sound/pcm.h
 410 !Esound/core/pcm.c
 411 !Esound/core/device.c
 412 !Esound/core/info.c
 413 !Esound/core/rawmidi.c
 414 !Esound/core/sound.c
 415 !Esound/core/memory.c
 416 !Esound/core/pcm_memory.c
 417 !Esound/core/init.c
 418 !Esound/core/isadma.c
 419 !Esound/core/control.c
 420 !Esound/core/pcm_lib.c
 421 !Esound/core/hwdep.c
 422 !Esound/core/pcm_native.c
 423 !Esound/core/memalloc.c
 424 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 425 X!Isound/sound_firmware.c
 426 -->
 427   </chapter>
 428
 429   <chapter id="uart16x50">
 430      <title>16x50 UART Driver</title>
 431 !Iinclude/linux/serial_core.h
 432 !Edrivers/serial/serial_core.c
 433 !Edrivers/serial/8250.c
 434   </chapter>
 435
 436   <chapter id="z85230">
 437      <title>Z85230 Support Library</title>
 438 !Edrivers/net/wan/z85230.c
 439   </chapter>
 440
 441   <chapter id="fbdev">
 442      <title>Frame Buffer Library</title>
 443
 444      <para>
 445        The frame buffer drivers depend heavily on four data structures.
 446        These structures are declared in include/linux/fb.h.  They are
 447        fb_info, fb_var_screeninfo, fb_fix_screeninfo and fb_monospecs.
 448        The last three can be made available to and from userland.
 449      </para>
 450
 451      <para>
 452        fb_info defines the current state of a particular video card.
 453        Inside fb_info, there exists a fb_ops structure which is a
 454        collection of needed functions to make fbdev and fbcon work.
 455        fb_info is only visible to the kernel.
 456      </para>
 457
 458      <para>
 459        fb_var_screeninfo is used to describe the features of a video card
 460        that are user defined.  With fb_var_screeninfo, things such as
 461        depth and the resolution may be defined.
 462      </para>
 463
 464      <para>
 465        The next structure is fb_fix_screeninfo. This defines the
 466        properties of a card that are created when a mode is set and can't
 467        be changed otherwise.  A good example of this is the start of the
 468        frame buffer memory.  This "locks" the address of the frame buffer
 469        memory, so that it cannot be changed or moved.
 470      </para>
 471
 472      <para>
 473        The last structure is fb_monospecs. In the old API, there was
 474        little importance for fb_monospecs. This allowed for forbidden things
 475        such as setting a mode of 800x600 on a fix frequency monitor. With
 476        the new API, fb_monospecs prevents such things, and if used
 477        correctly, can prevent a monitor from being cooked.  fb_monospecs
 478        will not be useful until kernels 2.5.x.
 479      </para>
 480
 481      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Memory</title>
 482 !Edrivers/video/fbmem.c
 483      </sect1>
 484 <!--
 485      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Console</title>
 486 X!Edrivers/video/console/fbcon.c
 487      </sect1>
 488 -->
 489      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Colormap</title>
 490 !Edrivers/video/fbcmap.c
 491      </sect1>
 492 <!-- FIXME:
 493   drivers/video/fbgen.c has no docs, which stuffs up the sgml.  Comment
 494   out until somebody adds docs.  KAO
 495      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Generic Functions</title>
 496 X!Idrivers/video/fbgen.c
 497      </sect1>
 498 KAO -->
 499      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Video Mode Database</title>
 500 !Idrivers/video/modedb.c
 501 !Edrivers/video/modedb.c
 502      </sect1>
 503      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Macintosh Video Mode Database</title>
 504 !Edrivers/video/macmodes.c
 505      </sect1>
 506      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Fonts</title>
 507         <para>
 508            Refer to the file drivers/video/console/fonts.c for more information.
 509         </para>
 510 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 511 X!Idrivers/video/console/fonts.c
 512 -->
 513      </sect1>
 514   </chapter>
 515 </book>