5 #include <linux/module.h>
7 #include <linux/genhd.h>
8 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
9 #include <linux/kernel.h>
10 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
11 #include <linux/init.h>
12 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
13 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
14 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/kmod.h>
17 #include <linux/kobj_map.h>
18 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
19 #include <linux/mutex.h>
20 #include <linux/idr.h>
21 #include <linux/log2.h>
25 static DEFINE_MUTEX(block_class_lock);
26 struct kobject *block_depr;
28 /* for extended dynamic devt allocation, currently only one major is used */
29 #define MAX_EXT_DEVT (1 << MINORBITS)
31 /* For extended devt allocation. ext_devt_mutex prevents look up
32 * results from going away underneath its user.
34 static DEFINE_MUTEX(ext_devt_mutex);
35 static DEFINE_IDR(ext_devt_idr);
37 static struct device_type disk_type;
39 static void disk_alloc_events(struct gendisk *disk);
40 static void disk_add_events(struct gendisk *disk);
41 static void disk_del_events(struct gendisk *disk);
42 static void disk_release_events(struct gendisk *disk);
45 * disk_get_part - get partition
46 * @disk: disk to look partition from
47 * @partno: partition number
49 * Look for partition @partno from @disk. If found, increment
50 * reference count and return it.
56 * Pointer to the found partition on success, NULL if not found.
58 struct hd_struct *disk_get_part(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
60 struct hd_struct *part = NULL;
61 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
63 if (unlikely(partno < 0))
68 ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
69 if (likely(partno < ptbl->len)) {
70 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[partno]);
72 get_device(part_to_dev(part));
79 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_get_part);
82 * disk_part_iter_init - initialize partition iterator
83 * @piter: iterator to initialize
84 * @disk: disk to iterate over
85 * @flags: DISK_PITER_* flags
87 * Initialize @piter so that it iterates over partitions of @disk.
92 void disk_part_iter_init(struct disk_part_iter *piter, struct gendisk *disk,
95 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
98 ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
103 if (flags & DISK_PITER_REVERSE)
104 piter->idx = ptbl->len - 1;
105 else if (flags & (DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0 | DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0))
110 piter->flags = flags;
114 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_init);
117 * disk_part_iter_next - proceed iterator to the next partition and return it
118 * @piter: iterator of interest
120 * Proceed @piter to the next partition and return it.
125 struct hd_struct *disk_part_iter_next(struct disk_part_iter *piter)
127 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
130 /* put the last partition */
131 disk_put_part(piter->part);
136 ptbl = rcu_dereference(piter->disk->part_tbl);
138 /* determine iteration parameters */
139 if (piter->flags & DISK_PITER_REVERSE) {
141 if (piter->flags & (DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0 |
142 DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0))
151 /* iterate to the next partition */
152 for (; piter->idx != end; piter->idx += inc) {
153 struct hd_struct *part;
155 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[piter->idx]);
158 if (!part->nr_sects &&
159 !(piter->flags & DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY) &&
160 !(piter->flags & DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0 &&
164 get_device(part_to_dev(part));
174 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_next);
177 * disk_part_iter_exit - finish up partition iteration
178 * @piter: iter of interest
180 * Called when iteration is over. Cleans up @piter.
185 void disk_part_iter_exit(struct disk_part_iter *piter)
187 disk_put_part(piter->part);
190 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_exit);
192 static inline int sector_in_part(struct hd_struct *part, sector_t sector)
194 return part->start_sect <= sector &&
195 sector < part->start_sect + part->nr_sects;
199 * disk_map_sector_rcu - map sector to partition
200 * @disk: gendisk of interest
201 * @sector: sector to map
203 * Find out which partition @sector maps to on @disk. This is
204 * primarily used for stats accounting.
207 * RCU read locked. The returned partition pointer is valid only
208 * while preemption is disabled.
211 * Found partition on success, part0 is returned if no partition matches
213 struct hd_struct *disk_map_sector_rcu(struct gendisk *disk, sector_t sector)
215 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
216 struct hd_struct *part;
219 ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
221 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->last_lookup);
222 if (part && sector_in_part(part, sector))
225 for (i = 1; i < ptbl->len; i++) {
226 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[i]);
228 if (part && sector_in_part(part, sector)) {
229 rcu_assign_pointer(ptbl->last_lookup, part);
235 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_map_sector_rcu);
238 * Can be deleted altogether. Later.
241 static struct blk_major_name {
242 struct blk_major_name *next;
245 } *major_names[BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE];
247 /* index in the above - for now: assume no multimajor ranges */
248 static inline int major_to_index(unsigned major)
250 return major % BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE;
253 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
254 void blkdev_show(struct seq_file *seqf, off_t offset)
256 struct blk_major_name *dp;
258 if (offset < BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE) {
259 mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
260 for (dp = major_names[offset]; dp; dp = dp->next)
261 seq_printf(seqf, "%3d %s\n", dp->major, dp->name);
262 mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
265 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
268 * register_blkdev - register a new block device
270 * @major: the requested major device number [1..255]. If @major=0, try to
271 * allocate any unused major number.
272 * @name: the name of the new block device as a zero terminated string
274 * The @name must be unique within the system.
276 * The return value depends on the @major input parameter.
277 * - if a major device number was requested in range [1..255] then the
278 * function returns zero on success, or a negative error code
279 * - if any unused major number was requested with @major=0 parameter
280 * then the return value is the allocated major number in range
281 * [1..255] or a negative error code otherwise
283 int register_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name)
285 struct blk_major_name **n, *p;
288 mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
292 for (index = ARRAY_SIZE(major_names)-1; index > 0; index--) {
293 if (major_names[index] == NULL)
298 printk("register_blkdev: failed to get major for %s\n",
307 p = kmalloc(sizeof(struct blk_major_name), GFP_KERNEL);
314 strlcpy(p->name, name, sizeof(p->name));
316 index = major_to_index(major);
318 for (n = &major_names[index]; *n; n = &(*n)->next) {
319 if ((*n)->major == major)
328 printk("register_blkdev: cannot get major %d for %s\n",
333 mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
337 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_blkdev);
339 void unregister_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name)
341 struct blk_major_name **n;
342 struct blk_major_name *p = NULL;
343 int index = major_to_index(major);
345 mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
346 for (n = &major_names[index]; *n; n = &(*n)->next)
347 if ((*n)->major == major)
349 if (!*n || strcmp((*n)->name, name)) {
355 mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
359 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_blkdev);
361 static struct kobj_map *bdev_map;
364 * blk_mangle_minor - scatter minor numbers apart
365 * @minor: minor number to mangle
367 * Scatter consecutively allocated @minor number apart if MANGLE_DEVT
368 * is enabled. Mangling twice gives the original value.
376 static int blk_mangle_minor(int minor)
378 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT
381 for (i = 0; i < MINORBITS / 2; i++) {
382 int low = minor & (1 << i);
383 int high = minor & (1 << (MINORBITS - 1 - i));
384 int distance = MINORBITS - 1 - 2 * i;
386 minor ^= low | high; /* clear both bits */
387 low <<= distance; /* swap the positions */
389 minor |= low | high; /* and set */
396 * blk_alloc_devt - allocate a dev_t for a partition
397 * @part: partition to allocate dev_t for
398 * @devt: out parameter for resulting dev_t
400 * Allocate a dev_t for block device.
403 * 0 on success, allocated dev_t is returned in *@devt. -errno on
409 int blk_alloc_devt(struct hd_struct *part, dev_t *devt)
411 struct gendisk *disk = part_to_disk(part);
414 /* in consecutive minor range? */
415 if (part->partno < disk->minors) {
416 *devt = MKDEV(disk->major, disk->first_minor + part->partno);
420 /* allocate ext devt */
422 if (!idr_pre_get(&ext_devt_idr, GFP_KERNEL))
424 mutex_lock(&ext_devt_mutex);
425 rc = idr_get_new(&ext_devt_idr, part, &idx);
426 mutex_unlock(&ext_devt_mutex);
427 } while (rc == -EAGAIN);
432 if (idx > MAX_EXT_DEVT) {
433 mutex_lock(&ext_devt_mutex);
434 idr_remove(&ext_devt_idr, idx);
435 mutex_unlock(&ext_devt_mutex);
439 *devt = MKDEV(BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR, blk_mangle_minor(idx));
444 * blk_free_devt - free a dev_t
445 * @devt: dev_t to free
447 * Free @devt which was allocated using blk_alloc_devt().
452 void blk_free_devt(dev_t devt)
456 if (devt == MKDEV(0, 0))
459 if (MAJOR(devt) == BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR) {
460 mutex_lock(&ext_devt_mutex);
461 idr_remove(&ext_devt_idr, blk_mangle_minor(MINOR(devt)));
462 mutex_unlock(&ext_devt_mutex);
466 static char *bdevt_str(dev_t devt, char *buf)
468 if (MAJOR(devt) <= 0xff && MINOR(devt) <= 0xff) {
469 char tbuf[BDEVT_SIZE];
470 snprintf(tbuf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%02x%02x", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt));
471 snprintf(buf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%-9s", tbuf);
473 snprintf(buf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%03x:%05x", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt));
479 * Register device numbers dev..(dev+range-1)
480 * range must be nonzero
481 * The hash chain is sorted on range, so that subranges can override.
483 void blk_register_region(dev_t devt, unsigned long range, struct module *module,
484 struct kobject *(*probe)(dev_t, int *, void *),
485 int (*lock)(dev_t, void *), void *data)
487 kobj_map(bdev_map, devt, range, module, probe, lock, data);
490 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_register_region);
492 void blk_unregister_region(dev_t devt, unsigned long range)
494 kobj_unmap(bdev_map, devt, range);
497 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_unregister_region);
499 static struct kobject *exact_match(dev_t devt, int *partno, void *data)
501 struct gendisk *p = data;
503 return &disk_to_dev(p)->kobj;
506 static int exact_lock(dev_t devt, void *data)
508 struct gendisk *p = data;
515 void register_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
517 struct device *ddev = disk_to_dev(disk);
518 struct block_device *bdev;
519 struct disk_part_iter piter;
520 struct hd_struct *part;
523 ddev->parent = disk->driverfs_dev;
525 dev_set_name(ddev, disk->disk_name);
527 /* delay uevents, until we scanned partition table */
528 dev_set_uevent_suppress(ddev, 1);
530 if (device_add(ddev))
532 if (!sysfs_deprecated) {
533 err = sysfs_create_link(block_depr, &ddev->kobj,
534 kobject_name(&ddev->kobj));
540 disk->part0.holder_dir = kobject_create_and_add("holders", &ddev->kobj);
541 disk->slave_dir = kobject_create_and_add("slaves", &ddev->kobj);
543 /* No minors to use for partitions */
544 if (!disk_part_scan_enabled(disk))
547 /* No such device (e.g., media were just removed) */
548 if (!get_capacity(disk))
551 bdev = bdget_disk(disk, 0);
555 bdev->bd_invalidated = 1;
556 err = blkdev_get(bdev, FMODE_READ, NULL);
559 blkdev_put(bdev, FMODE_READ);
562 /* announce disk after possible partitions are created */
563 dev_set_uevent_suppress(ddev, 0);
564 kobject_uevent(&ddev->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
566 /* announce possible partitions */
567 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, 0);
568 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
569 kobject_uevent(&part_to_dev(part)->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
570 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
574 * add_disk - add partitioning information to kernel list
575 * @disk: per-device partitioning information
577 * This function registers the partitioning information in @disk
580 * FIXME: error handling
582 void add_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
584 struct backing_dev_info *bdi;
588 /* minors == 0 indicates to use ext devt from part0 and should
589 * be accompanied with EXT_DEVT flag. Make sure all
590 * parameters make sense.
592 WARN_ON(disk->minors && !(disk->major || disk->first_minor));
593 WARN_ON(!disk->minors && !(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_EXT_DEVT));
595 disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_UP;
597 retval = blk_alloc_devt(&disk->part0, &devt);
602 disk_to_dev(disk)->devt = devt;
604 /* ->major and ->first_minor aren't supposed to be
605 * dereferenced from here on, but set them just in case.
607 disk->major = MAJOR(devt);
608 disk->first_minor = MINOR(devt);
610 disk_alloc_events(disk);
612 /* Register BDI before referencing it from bdev */
613 bdi = &disk->queue->backing_dev_info;
614 bdi_register_dev(bdi, disk_devt(disk));
616 blk_register_region(disk_devt(disk), disk->minors, NULL,
617 exact_match, exact_lock, disk);
619 blk_register_queue(disk);
622 * Take an extra ref on queue which will be put on disk_release()
623 * so that it sticks around as long as @disk is there.
625 WARN_ON_ONCE(blk_get_queue(disk->queue));
627 retval = sysfs_create_link(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, &bdi->dev->kobj,
631 disk_add_events(disk);
633 EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_disk);
635 void del_gendisk(struct gendisk *disk)
637 struct disk_part_iter piter;
638 struct hd_struct *part;
640 disk_del_events(disk);
642 /* invalidate stuff */
643 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk,
644 DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY | DISK_PITER_REVERSE);
645 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
646 invalidate_partition(disk, part->partno);
647 delete_partition(disk, part->partno);
649 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
651 invalidate_partition(disk, 0);
652 set_capacity(disk, 0);
653 disk->flags &= ~GENHD_FL_UP;
655 sysfs_remove_link(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, "bdi");
656 bdi_unregister(&disk->queue->backing_dev_info);
657 blk_unregister_queue(disk);
658 blk_unregister_region(disk_devt(disk), disk->minors);
660 part_stat_set_all(&disk->part0, 0);
661 disk->part0.stamp = 0;
663 kobject_put(disk->part0.holder_dir);
664 kobject_put(disk->slave_dir);
665 disk->driverfs_dev = NULL;
666 if (!sysfs_deprecated)
667 sysfs_remove_link(block_depr, dev_name(disk_to_dev(disk)));
668 device_del(disk_to_dev(disk));
669 blk_free_devt(disk_to_dev(disk)->devt);
671 EXPORT_SYMBOL(del_gendisk);
674 * get_gendisk - get partitioning information for a given device
675 * @devt: device to get partitioning information for
676 * @partno: returned partition index
678 * This function gets the structure containing partitioning
679 * information for the given device @devt.
681 struct gendisk *get_gendisk(dev_t devt, int *partno)
683 struct gendisk *disk = NULL;
685 if (MAJOR(devt) != BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR) {
686 struct kobject *kobj;
688 kobj = kobj_lookup(bdev_map, devt, partno);
690 disk = dev_to_disk(kobj_to_dev(kobj));
692 struct hd_struct *part;
694 mutex_lock(&ext_devt_mutex);
695 part = idr_find(&ext_devt_idr, blk_mangle_minor(MINOR(devt)));
696 if (part && get_disk(part_to_disk(part))) {
697 *partno = part->partno;
698 disk = part_to_disk(part);
700 mutex_unlock(&ext_devt_mutex);
705 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_gendisk);
708 * bdget_disk - do bdget() by gendisk and partition number
709 * @disk: gendisk of interest
710 * @partno: partition number
712 * Find partition @partno from @disk, do bdget() on it.
718 * Resulting block_device on success, NULL on failure.
720 struct block_device *bdget_disk(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
722 struct hd_struct *part;
723 struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
725 part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
727 bdev = bdget(part_devt(part));
732 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdget_disk);
735 * print a full list of all partitions - intended for places where the root
736 * filesystem can't be mounted and thus to give the victim some idea of what
739 void __init printk_all_partitions(void)
741 struct class_dev_iter iter;
744 class_dev_iter_init(&iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
745 while ((dev = class_dev_iter_next(&iter))) {
746 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
747 struct disk_part_iter piter;
748 struct hd_struct *part;
749 char name_buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
750 char devt_buf[BDEVT_SIZE];
751 char uuid_buf[PARTITION_META_INFO_UUIDLTH * 2 + 5];
754 * Don't show empty devices or things that have been
757 if (get_capacity(disk) == 0 ||
758 (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO))
762 * Note, unlike /proc/partitions, I am showing the
763 * numbers in hex - the same format as the root=
766 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0);
767 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
768 bool is_part0 = part == &disk->part0;
772 snprintf(uuid_buf, sizeof(uuid_buf), "%pU",
775 printk("%s%s %10llu %s %s", is_part0 ? "" : " ",
776 bdevt_str(part_devt(part), devt_buf),
777 (unsigned long long)part->nr_sects >> 1,
778 disk_name(disk, part->partno, name_buf),
781 if (disk->driverfs_dev != NULL &&
782 disk->driverfs_dev->driver != NULL)
783 printk(" driver: %s\n",
784 disk->driverfs_dev->driver->name);
786 printk(" (driver?)\n");
790 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
792 class_dev_iter_exit(&iter);
795 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
797 static void *disk_seqf_start(struct seq_file *seqf, loff_t *pos)
800 struct class_dev_iter *iter;
803 iter = kmalloc(sizeof(*iter), GFP_KERNEL);
805 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
807 seqf->private = iter;
808 class_dev_iter_init(iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
810 dev = class_dev_iter_next(iter);
815 return dev_to_disk(dev);
818 static void *disk_seqf_next(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v, loff_t *pos)
823 dev = class_dev_iter_next(seqf->private);
825 return dev_to_disk(dev);
830 static void disk_seqf_stop(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
832 struct class_dev_iter *iter = seqf->private;
834 /* stop is called even after start failed :-( */
836 class_dev_iter_exit(iter);
841 static void *show_partition_start(struct seq_file *seqf, loff_t *pos)
845 p = disk_seqf_start(seqf, pos);
846 if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(p) && !*pos)
847 seq_puts(seqf, "major minor #blocks name\n\n");
851 static int show_partition(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
853 struct gendisk *sgp = v;
854 struct disk_part_iter piter;
855 struct hd_struct *part;
856 char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
858 /* Don't show non-partitionable removeable devices or empty devices */
859 if (!get_capacity(sgp) || (!disk_max_parts(sgp) &&
860 (sgp->flags & GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE)))
862 if (sgp->flags & GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO)
865 /* show the full disk and all non-0 size partitions of it */
866 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, sgp, DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0);
867 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
868 seq_printf(seqf, "%4d %7d %10llu %s\n",
869 MAJOR(part_devt(part)), MINOR(part_devt(part)),
870 (unsigned long long)part->nr_sects >> 1,
871 disk_name(sgp, part->partno, buf));
872 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
877 static const struct seq_operations partitions_op = {
878 .start = show_partition_start,
879 .next = disk_seqf_next,
880 .stop = disk_seqf_stop,
881 .show = show_partition
884 static int partitions_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
886 return seq_open(file, &partitions_op);
889 static const struct file_operations proc_partitions_operations = {
890 .open = partitions_open,
893 .release = seq_release,
898 static struct kobject *base_probe(dev_t devt, int *partno, void *data)
900 if (request_module("block-major-%d-%d", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt)) > 0)
901 /* Make old-style 2.4 aliases work */
902 request_module("block-major-%d", MAJOR(devt));
906 static int __init genhd_device_init(void)
910 block_class.dev_kobj = sysfs_dev_block_kobj;
911 error = class_register(&block_class);
914 bdev_map = kobj_map_init(base_probe, &block_class_lock);
917 register_blkdev(BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR, "blkext");
919 /* create top-level block dir */
920 if (!sysfs_deprecated)
921 block_depr = kobject_create_and_add("block", NULL);
925 subsys_initcall(genhd_device_init);
927 static ssize_t disk_range_show(struct device *dev,
928 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
930 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
932 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", disk->minors);
935 static ssize_t disk_ext_range_show(struct device *dev,
936 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
938 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
940 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", disk_max_parts(disk));
943 static ssize_t disk_removable_show(struct device *dev,
944 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
946 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
948 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n",
949 (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE ? 1 : 0));
952 static ssize_t disk_ro_show(struct device *dev,
953 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
955 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
957 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", get_disk_ro(disk) ? 1 : 0);
960 static ssize_t disk_capability_show(struct device *dev,
961 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
963 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
965 return sprintf(buf, "%x\n", disk->flags);
968 static ssize_t disk_alignment_offset_show(struct device *dev,
969 struct device_attribute *attr,
972 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
974 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", queue_alignment_offset(disk->queue));
977 static ssize_t disk_discard_alignment_show(struct device *dev,
978 struct device_attribute *attr,
981 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
983 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", queue_discard_alignment(disk->queue));
986 static DEVICE_ATTR(range, S_IRUGO, disk_range_show, NULL);
987 static DEVICE_ATTR(ext_range, S_IRUGO, disk_ext_range_show, NULL);
988 static DEVICE_ATTR(removable, S_IRUGO, disk_removable_show, NULL);
989 static DEVICE_ATTR(ro, S_IRUGO, disk_ro_show, NULL);
990 static DEVICE_ATTR(size, S_IRUGO, part_size_show, NULL);
991 static DEVICE_ATTR(alignment_offset, S_IRUGO, disk_alignment_offset_show, NULL);
992 static DEVICE_ATTR(discard_alignment, S_IRUGO, disk_discard_alignment_show,
994 static DEVICE_ATTR(capability, S_IRUGO, disk_capability_show, NULL);
995 static DEVICE_ATTR(stat, S_IRUGO, part_stat_show, NULL);
996 static DEVICE_ATTR(inflight, S_IRUGO, part_inflight_show, NULL);
997 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST
998 static struct device_attribute dev_attr_fail =
999 __ATTR(make-it-fail, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, part_fail_show, part_fail_store);
1001 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT
1002 static struct device_attribute dev_attr_fail_timeout =
1003 __ATTR(io-timeout-fail, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, part_timeout_show,
1004 part_timeout_store);
1007 static struct attribute *disk_attrs[] = {
1008 &dev_attr_range.attr,
1009 &dev_attr_ext_range.attr,
1010 &dev_attr_removable.attr,
1012 &dev_attr_size.attr,
1013 &dev_attr_alignment_offset.attr,
1014 &dev_attr_discard_alignment.attr,
1015 &dev_attr_capability.attr,
1016 &dev_attr_stat.attr,
1017 &dev_attr_inflight.attr,
1018 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST
1019 &dev_attr_fail.attr,
1021 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT
1022 &dev_attr_fail_timeout.attr,
1027 static struct attribute_group disk_attr_group = {
1028 .attrs = disk_attrs,
1031 static const struct attribute_group *disk_attr_groups[] = {
1037 * disk_replace_part_tbl - replace disk->part_tbl in RCU-safe way
1038 * @disk: disk to replace part_tbl for
1039 * @new_ptbl: new part_tbl to install
1041 * Replace disk->part_tbl with @new_ptbl in RCU-safe way. The
1042 * original ptbl is freed using RCU callback.
1045 * Matching bd_mutx locked.
1047 static void disk_replace_part_tbl(struct gendisk *disk,
1048 struct disk_part_tbl *new_ptbl)
1050 struct disk_part_tbl *old_ptbl = disk->part_tbl;
1052 rcu_assign_pointer(disk->part_tbl, new_ptbl);
1055 rcu_assign_pointer(old_ptbl->last_lookup, NULL);
1056 kfree_rcu(old_ptbl, rcu_head);
1061 * disk_expand_part_tbl - expand disk->part_tbl
1062 * @disk: disk to expand part_tbl for
1063 * @partno: expand such that this partno can fit in
1065 * Expand disk->part_tbl such that @partno can fit in. disk->part_tbl
1066 * uses RCU to allow unlocked dereferencing for stats and other stuff.
1069 * Matching bd_mutex locked, might sleep.
1072 * 0 on success, -errno on failure.
1074 int disk_expand_part_tbl(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
1076 struct disk_part_tbl *old_ptbl = disk->part_tbl;
1077 struct disk_part_tbl *new_ptbl;
1078 int len = old_ptbl ? old_ptbl->len : 0;
1079 int target = partno + 1;
1083 /* disk_max_parts() is zero during initialization, ignore if so */
1084 if (disk_max_parts(disk) && target > disk_max_parts(disk))
1090 size = sizeof(*new_ptbl) + target * sizeof(new_ptbl->part[0]);
1091 new_ptbl = kzalloc_node(size, GFP_KERNEL, disk->node_id);
1095 new_ptbl->len = target;
1097 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
1098 rcu_assign_pointer(new_ptbl->part[i], old_ptbl->part[i]);
1100 disk_replace_part_tbl(disk, new_ptbl);
1104 static void disk_release(struct device *dev)
1106 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1108 disk_release_events(disk);
1109 kfree(disk->random);
1110 disk_replace_part_tbl(disk, NULL);
1111 free_part_stats(&disk->part0);
1112 free_part_info(&disk->part0);
1114 blk_put_queue(disk->queue);
1117 struct class block_class = {
1121 static char *block_devnode(struct device *dev, mode_t *mode)
1123 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1126 return disk->devnode(disk, mode);
1130 static struct device_type disk_type = {
1132 .groups = disk_attr_groups,
1133 .release = disk_release,
1134 .devnode = block_devnode,
1137 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1139 * aggregate disk stat collector. Uses the same stats that the sysfs
1140 * entries do, above, but makes them available through one seq_file.
1142 * The output looks suspiciously like /proc/partitions with a bunch of
1145 static int diskstats_show(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
1147 struct gendisk *gp = v;
1148 struct disk_part_iter piter;
1149 struct hd_struct *hd;
1150 char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
1154 if (&disk_to_dev(gp)->kobj.entry == block_class.devices.next)
1155 seq_puts(seqf, "major minor name"
1156 " rio rmerge rsect ruse wio wmerge "
1157 "wsect wuse running use aveq"
1161 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, gp, DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0);
1162 while ((hd = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
1163 cpu = part_stat_lock();
1164 part_round_stats(cpu, hd);
1166 seq_printf(seqf, "%4d %7d %s %lu %lu %lu "
1167 "%u %lu %lu %lu %u %u %u %u\n",
1168 MAJOR(part_devt(hd)), MINOR(part_devt(hd)),
1169 disk_name(gp, hd->partno, buf),
1170 part_stat_read(hd, ios[READ]),
1171 part_stat_read(hd, merges[READ]),
1172 part_stat_read(hd, sectors[READ]),
1173 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, ticks[READ])),
1174 part_stat_read(hd, ios[WRITE]),
1175 part_stat_read(hd, merges[WRITE]),
1176 part_stat_read(hd, sectors[WRITE]),
1177 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, ticks[WRITE])),
1179 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, io_ticks)),
1180 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, time_in_queue))
1183 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
1188 static const struct seq_operations diskstats_op = {
1189 .start = disk_seqf_start,
1190 .next = disk_seqf_next,
1191 .stop = disk_seqf_stop,
1192 .show = diskstats_show
1195 static int diskstats_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1197 return seq_open(file, &diskstats_op);
1200 static const struct file_operations proc_diskstats_operations = {
1201 .open = diskstats_open,
1203 .llseek = seq_lseek,
1204 .release = seq_release,
1207 static int __init proc_genhd_init(void)
1209 proc_create("diskstats", 0, NULL, &proc_diskstats_operations);
1210 proc_create("partitions", 0, NULL, &proc_partitions_operations);
1213 module_init(proc_genhd_init);
1214 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
1216 dev_t blk_lookup_devt(const char *name, int partno)
1218 dev_t devt = MKDEV(0, 0);
1219 struct class_dev_iter iter;
1222 class_dev_iter_init(&iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
1223 while ((dev = class_dev_iter_next(&iter))) {
1224 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1225 struct hd_struct *part;
1227 if (strcmp(dev_name(dev), name))
1230 if (partno < disk->minors) {
1231 /* We need to return the right devno, even
1232 * if the partition doesn't exist yet.
1234 devt = MKDEV(MAJOR(dev->devt),
1235 MINOR(dev->devt) + partno);
1238 part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
1240 devt = part_devt(part);
1241 disk_put_part(part);
1244 disk_put_part(part);
1246 class_dev_iter_exit(&iter);
1249 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_lookup_devt);
1251 struct gendisk *alloc_disk(int minors)
1253 return alloc_disk_node(minors, -1);
1255 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_disk);
1257 struct gendisk *alloc_disk_node(int minors, int node_id)
1259 struct gendisk *disk;
1261 disk = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct gendisk),
1262 GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, node_id);
1264 if (!init_part_stats(&disk->part0)) {
1268 disk->node_id = node_id;
1269 if (disk_expand_part_tbl(disk, 0)) {
1270 free_part_stats(&disk->part0);
1274 disk->part_tbl->part[0] = &disk->part0;
1276 hd_ref_init(&disk->part0);
1278 disk->minors = minors;
1279 rand_initialize_disk(disk);
1280 disk_to_dev(disk)->class = &block_class;
1281 disk_to_dev(disk)->type = &disk_type;
1282 device_initialize(disk_to_dev(disk));
1286 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_disk_node);
1288 struct kobject *get_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
1290 struct module *owner;
1291 struct kobject *kobj;
1295 owner = disk->fops->owner;
1296 if (owner && !try_module_get(owner))
1298 kobj = kobject_get(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
1307 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_disk);
1309 void put_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
1312 kobject_put(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
1315 EXPORT_SYMBOL(put_disk);
1317 static void set_disk_ro_uevent(struct gendisk *gd, int ro)
1319 char event[] = "DISK_RO=1";
1320 char *envp[] = { event, NULL };
1324 kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(gd)->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
1327 void set_device_ro(struct block_device *bdev, int flag)
1329 bdev->bd_part->policy = flag;
1332 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_device_ro);
1334 void set_disk_ro(struct gendisk *disk, int flag)
1336 struct disk_part_iter piter;
1337 struct hd_struct *part;
1339 if (disk->part0.policy != flag) {
1340 set_disk_ro_uevent(disk, flag);
1341 disk->part0.policy = flag;
1344 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY);
1345 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
1346 part->policy = flag;
1347 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
1350 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_disk_ro);
1352 int bdev_read_only(struct block_device *bdev)
1356 return bdev->bd_part->policy;
1359 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdev_read_only);
1361 int invalidate_partition(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
1364 struct block_device *bdev = bdget_disk(disk, partno);
1367 res = __invalidate_device(bdev, true);
1373 EXPORT_SYMBOL(invalidate_partition);
1376 * Disk events - monitor disk events like media change and eject request.
1378 struct disk_events {
1379 struct list_head node; /* all disk_event's */
1380 struct gendisk *disk; /* the associated disk */
1383 struct mutex block_mutex; /* protects blocking */
1384 int block; /* event blocking depth */
1385 unsigned int pending; /* events already sent out */
1386 unsigned int clearing; /* events being cleared */
1388 long poll_msecs; /* interval, -1 for default */
1389 struct delayed_work dwork;
1392 static const char *disk_events_strs[] = {
1393 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE)] = "media_change",
1394 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST)] = "eject_request",
1397 static char *disk_uevents[] = {
1398 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE)] = "DISK_MEDIA_CHANGE=1",
1399 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST)] = "DISK_EJECT_REQUEST=1",
1402 /* list of all disk_events */
1403 static DEFINE_MUTEX(disk_events_mutex);
1404 static LIST_HEAD(disk_events);
1406 /* disable in-kernel polling by default */
1407 static unsigned long disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs = 0;
1409 static unsigned long disk_events_poll_jiffies(struct gendisk *disk)
1411 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1412 long intv_msecs = 0;
1415 * If device-specific poll interval is set, always use it. If
1416 * the default is being used, poll iff there are events which
1417 * can't be monitored asynchronously.
1419 if (ev->poll_msecs >= 0)
1420 intv_msecs = ev->poll_msecs;
1421 else if (disk->events & ~disk->async_events)
1422 intv_msecs = disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs;
1424 return msecs_to_jiffies(intv_msecs);
1428 * disk_block_events - block and flush disk event checking
1429 * @disk: disk to block events for
1431 * On return from this function, it is guaranteed that event checking
1432 * isn't in progress and won't happen until unblocked by
1433 * disk_unblock_events(). Events blocking is counted and the actual
1434 * unblocking happens after the matching number of unblocks are done.
1436 * Note that this intentionally does not block event checking from
1437 * disk_clear_events().
1442 void disk_block_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1444 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1445 unsigned long flags;
1452 * Outer mutex ensures that the first blocker completes canceling
1453 * the event work before further blockers are allowed to finish.
1455 mutex_lock(&ev->block_mutex);
1457 spin_lock_irqsave(&ev->lock, flags);
1458 cancel = !ev->block++;
1459 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ev->lock, flags);
1462 cancel_delayed_work_sync(&disk->ev->dwork);
1464 mutex_unlock(&ev->block_mutex);
1467 static void __disk_unblock_events(struct gendisk *disk, bool check_now)
1469 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1471 unsigned long flags;
1473 spin_lock_irqsave(&ev->lock, flags);
1475 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ev->block <= 0))
1482 * Not exactly a latency critical operation, set poll timer
1483 * slack to 25% and kick event check.
1485 intv = disk_events_poll_jiffies(disk);
1486 set_timer_slack(&ev->dwork.timer, intv / 4);
1488 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_freezable_wq, &ev->dwork, 0);
1490 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_freezable_wq, &ev->dwork, intv);
1492 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ev->lock, flags);
1496 * disk_unblock_events - unblock disk event checking
1497 * @disk: disk to unblock events for
1499 * Undo disk_block_events(). When the block count reaches zero, it
1500 * starts events polling if configured.
1503 * Don't care. Safe to call from irq context.
1505 void disk_unblock_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1508 __disk_unblock_events(disk, false);
1512 * disk_flush_events - schedule immediate event checking and flushing
1513 * @disk: disk to check and flush events for
1514 * @mask: events to flush
1516 * Schedule immediate event checking on @disk if not blocked. Events in
1517 * @mask are scheduled to be cleared from the driver. Note that this
1518 * doesn't clear the events from @disk->ev.
1521 * If @mask is non-zero must be called with bdev->bd_mutex held.
1523 void disk_flush_events(struct gendisk *disk, unsigned int mask)
1525 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1530 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1531 ev->clearing |= mask;
1533 cancel_delayed_work(&ev->dwork);
1534 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_freezable_wq, &ev->dwork, 0);
1536 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1540 * disk_clear_events - synchronously check, clear and return pending events
1541 * @disk: disk to fetch and clear events from
1542 * @mask: mask of events to be fetched and clearted
1544 * Disk events are synchronously checked and pending events in @mask
1545 * are cleared and returned. This ignores the block count.
1550 unsigned int disk_clear_events(struct gendisk *disk, unsigned int mask)
1552 const struct block_device_operations *bdops = disk->fops;
1553 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1554 unsigned int pending;
1557 /* for drivers still using the old ->media_changed method */
1558 if ((mask & DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE) &&
1559 bdops->media_changed && bdops->media_changed(disk))
1560 return DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE;
1564 /* tell the workfn about the events being cleared */
1565 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1566 ev->clearing |= mask;
1567 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1569 /* uncondtionally schedule event check and wait for it to finish */
1570 disk_block_events(disk);
1571 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_freezable_wq, &ev->dwork, 0);
1572 flush_delayed_work(&ev->dwork);
1573 __disk_unblock_events(disk, false);
1575 /* then, fetch and clear pending events */
1576 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1577 WARN_ON_ONCE(ev->clearing & mask); /* cleared by workfn */
1578 pending = ev->pending & mask;
1579 ev->pending &= ~mask;
1580 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1585 static void disk_events_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
1587 struct delayed_work *dwork = to_delayed_work(work);
1588 struct disk_events *ev = container_of(dwork, struct disk_events, dwork);
1589 struct gendisk *disk = ev->disk;
1590 char *envp[ARRAY_SIZE(disk_uevents) + 1] = { };
1591 unsigned int clearing = ev->clearing;
1592 unsigned int events;
1594 int nr_events = 0, i;
1597 events = disk->fops->check_events(disk, clearing);
1599 /* accumulate pending events and schedule next poll if necessary */
1600 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1602 events &= ~ev->pending;
1603 ev->pending |= events;
1604 ev->clearing &= ~clearing;
1606 intv = disk_events_poll_jiffies(disk);
1607 if (!ev->block && intv)
1608 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_freezable_wq, &ev->dwork, intv);
1610 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1613 * Tell userland about new events. Only the events listed in
1614 * @disk->events are reported. Unlisted events are processed the
1615 * same internally but never get reported to userland.
1617 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(disk_uevents); i++)
1618 if (events & disk->events & (1 << i))
1619 envp[nr_events++] = disk_uevents[i];
1622 kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
1626 * A disk events enabled device has the following sysfs nodes under
1627 * its /sys/block/X/ directory.
1629 * events : list of all supported events
1630 * events_async : list of events which can be detected w/o polling
1631 * events_poll_msecs : polling interval, 0: disable, -1: system default
1633 static ssize_t __disk_events_show(unsigned int events, char *buf)
1635 const char *delim = "";
1639 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(disk_events_strs); i++)
1640 if (events & (1 << i)) {
1641 pos += sprintf(buf + pos, "%s%s",
1642 delim, disk_events_strs[i]);
1646 pos += sprintf(buf + pos, "\n");
1650 static ssize_t disk_events_show(struct device *dev,
1651 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
1653 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1655 return __disk_events_show(disk->events, buf);
1658 static ssize_t disk_events_async_show(struct device *dev,
1659 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
1661 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1663 return __disk_events_show(disk->async_events, buf);
1666 static ssize_t disk_events_poll_msecs_show(struct device *dev,
1667 struct device_attribute *attr,
1670 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1672 return sprintf(buf, "%ld\n", disk->ev->poll_msecs);
1675 static ssize_t disk_events_poll_msecs_store(struct device *dev,
1676 struct device_attribute *attr,
1677 const char *buf, size_t count)
1679 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1682 if (!count || !sscanf(buf, "%ld", &intv))
1685 if (intv < 0 && intv != -1)
1688 disk_block_events(disk);
1689 disk->ev->poll_msecs = intv;
1690 __disk_unblock_events(disk, true);
1695 static const DEVICE_ATTR(events, S_IRUGO, disk_events_show, NULL);
1696 static const DEVICE_ATTR(events_async, S_IRUGO, disk_events_async_show, NULL);
1697 static const DEVICE_ATTR(events_poll_msecs, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR,
1698 disk_events_poll_msecs_show,
1699 disk_events_poll_msecs_store);
1701 static const struct attribute *disk_events_attrs[] = {
1702 &dev_attr_events.attr,
1703 &dev_attr_events_async.attr,
1704 &dev_attr_events_poll_msecs.attr,
1709 * The default polling interval can be specified by the kernel
1710 * parameter block.events_dfl_poll_msecs which defaults to 0
1711 * (disable). This can also be modified runtime by writing to
1712 * /sys/module/block/events_dfl_poll_msecs.
1714 static int disk_events_set_dfl_poll_msecs(const char *val,
1715 const struct kernel_param *kp)
1717 struct disk_events *ev;
1720 ret = param_set_ulong(val, kp);
1724 mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
1726 list_for_each_entry(ev, &disk_events, node)
1727 disk_flush_events(ev->disk, 0);
1729 mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
1734 static const struct kernel_param_ops disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs_param_ops = {
1735 .set = disk_events_set_dfl_poll_msecs,
1736 .get = param_get_ulong,
1739 #undef MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX
1740 #define MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX "block."
1742 module_param_cb(events_dfl_poll_msecs, &disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs_param_ops,
1743 &disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs, 0644);
1746 * disk_{alloc|add|del|release}_events - initialize and destroy disk_events.
1748 static void disk_alloc_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1750 struct disk_events *ev;
1752 if (!disk->fops->check_events)
1755 ev = kzalloc(sizeof(*ev), GFP_KERNEL);
1757 pr_warn("%s: failed to initialize events\n", disk->disk_name);
1761 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ev->node);
1763 spin_lock_init(&ev->lock);
1764 mutex_init(&ev->block_mutex);
1766 ev->poll_msecs = -1;
1767 INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&ev->dwork, disk_events_workfn);
1772 static void disk_add_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1777 /* FIXME: error handling */
1778 if (sysfs_create_files(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, disk_events_attrs) < 0)
1779 pr_warn("%s: failed to create sysfs files for events\n",
1782 mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
1783 list_add_tail(&disk->ev->node, &disk_events);
1784 mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
1787 * Block count is initialized to 1 and the following initial
1788 * unblock kicks it into action.
1790 __disk_unblock_events(disk, true);
1793 static void disk_del_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1798 disk_block_events(disk);
1800 mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
1801 list_del_init(&disk->ev->node);
1802 mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
1804 sysfs_remove_files(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, disk_events_attrs);
1807 static void disk_release_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1809 /* the block count should be 1 from disk_del_events() */
1810 WARN_ON_ONCE(disk->ev && disk->ev->block != 1);