2 * Copyright (C) 1994-1998 Linus Torvalds & authors (see below)
3 * Copyright (C) 1998-2002 Linux ATA Development
4 * Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
5 * Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat
6 * Copyright (C) 2003-2005, 2007 Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
10 * Mostly written by Mark Lord <mlord@pobox.com>
11 * and Gadi Oxman <gadio@netvision.net.il>
12 * and Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
14 * This is the IDE/ATA disk driver, as evolved from hd.c and ide.c.
17 #include <linux/types.h>
18 #include <linux/string.h>
19 #include <linux/kernel.h>
20 #include <linux/timer.h>
22 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
23 #include <linux/major.h>
24 #include <linux/errno.h>
25 #include <linux/genhd.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/delay.h>
28 #include <linux/mutex.h>
29 #include <linux/leds.h>
30 #include <linux/ide.h>
31 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
33 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
35 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
37 #include <asm/div64.h>
41 static const u8 ide_rw_cmds[] = {
44 ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT,
45 ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT,
49 ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE_EXT,
56 static const u8 ide_data_phases[] = {
65 static void ide_tf_set_cmd(ide_drive_t *drive, ide_task_t *task, u8 dma)
67 u8 index, lba48, write;
69 lba48 = (task->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_LBA48) ? 2 : 0;
70 write = (task->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_WRITE) ? 1 : 0;
75 index = drive->mult_count ? 0 : 4;
77 task->tf.command = ide_rw_cmds[index + lba48 + write];
80 index = 8; /* fixup index */
82 task->data_phase = ide_data_phases[index / 2 + write];
86 * __ide_do_rw_disk() issues READ and WRITE commands to a disk,
87 * using LBA if supported, or CHS otherwise, to address sectors.
89 static ide_startstop_t __ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
92 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
93 u16 nsectors = (u16)rq->nr_sectors;
94 u8 lba48 = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
95 u8 dma = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_USING_DMA);
97 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &task.tf;
100 if ((hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) && lba48 && dma) {
101 if (block + rq->nr_sectors > 1ULL << 28)
108 ide_init_sg_cmd(drive, rq);
109 ide_map_sg(drive, rq);
112 memset(&task, 0, sizeof(task));
113 task.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
115 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) {
117 pr_debug("%s: LBA=0x%012llx\n", drive->name,
118 (unsigned long long)block);
120 tf->hob_nsect = (nsectors >> 8) & 0xff;
121 tf->hob_lbal = (u8)(block >> 24);
122 if (sizeof(block) != 4) {
123 tf->hob_lbam = (u8)((u64)block >> 32);
124 tf->hob_lbah = (u8)((u64)block >> 40);
127 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
128 tf->lbal = (u8) block;
129 tf->lbam = (u8)(block >> 8);
130 tf->lbah = (u8)(block >> 16);
132 task.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
134 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
136 tf->lbam = block >>= 8;
137 tf->lbah = block >>= 8;
138 tf->device = (block >> 8) & 0xf;
141 tf->device |= ATA_LBA;
143 unsigned int sect, head, cyl, track;
145 track = (int)block / drive->sect;
146 sect = (int)block % drive->sect + 1;
147 head = track % drive->head;
148 cyl = track / drive->head;
150 pr_debug("%s: CHS=%u/%u/%u\n", drive->name, cyl, head, sect);
152 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
160 task.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_WRITE;
162 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &task, dma);
165 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &task);
167 if (rc == ide_stopped && dma) {
168 /* fallback to PIO */
169 task.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_DMA_PIO_FALLBACK;
170 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &task, 0);
171 ide_init_sg_cmd(drive, rq);
172 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &task);
179 * 268435455 == 137439 MB or 28bit limit
180 * 320173056 == 163929 MB or 48bit addressing
181 * 1073741822 == 549756 MB or 48bit addressing fake drive
184 static ide_startstop_t ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
187 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
189 BUG_ON(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_BLOCKED);
191 if (!blk_fs_request(rq)) {
192 blk_dump_rq_flags(rq, "ide_do_rw_disk - bad command");
193 ide_end_request(drive, 0, 0);
197 ledtrig_ide_activity();
199 pr_debug("%s: %sing: block=%llu, sectors=%lu, buffer=0x%08lx\n",
200 drive->name, rq_data_dir(rq) == READ ? "read" : "writ",
201 (unsigned long long)block, rq->nr_sectors,
202 (unsigned long)rq->buffer);
205 hwif->rw_disk(drive, rq);
207 return __ide_do_rw_disk(drive, rq, block);
211 * Queries for true maximum capacity of the drive.
212 * Returns maximum LBA address (> 0) of the drive, 0 if failed.
214 static u64 idedisk_read_native_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, int lba48)
217 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &args.tf;
220 /* Create IDE/ATA command request structure */
221 memset(&args, 0, sizeof(ide_task_t));
223 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX_EXT;
225 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX;
226 tf->device = ATA_LBA;
227 args.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
229 args.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
230 /* submit command request */
231 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &args);
233 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
234 if ((tf->status & 0x01) == 0)
235 addr = ide_get_lba_addr(tf, lba48) + 1;
241 * Sets maximum virtual LBA address of the drive.
242 * Returns new maximum virtual LBA address (> 0) or 0 on failure.
244 static u64 idedisk_set_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, u64 addr_req, int lba48)
247 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &args.tf;
251 /* Create IDE/ATA command request structure */
252 memset(&args, 0, sizeof(ide_task_t));
253 tf->lbal = (addr_req >> 0) & 0xff;
254 tf->lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
255 tf->lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
257 tf->hob_lbal = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
258 tf->hob_lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
259 tf->hob_lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
260 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX_EXT;
262 tf->device = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0x0f;
263 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX;
265 tf->device |= ATA_LBA;
266 args.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
268 args.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
269 /* submit command request */
270 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &args);
271 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
272 if ((tf->status & 0x01) == 0)
273 addr_set = ide_get_lba_addr(tf, lba48) + 1;
278 static unsigned long long sectors_to_MB(unsigned long long n)
280 n <<= 9; /* make it bytes */
281 do_div(n, 1000000); /* make it MB */
286 * Some disks report total number of sectors instead of
287 * maximum sector address. We list them here.
289 static const struct drive_list_entry hpa_list[] = {
290 { "ST340823A", NULL },
291 { "ST320413A", NULL },
292 { "ST310211A", NULL },
296 static void idedisk_check_hpa(ide_drive_t *drive)
298 unsigned long long capacity, set_max;
299 int lba48 = ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id);
301 capacity = drive->capacity64;
303 set_max = idedisk_read_native_max_address(drive, lba48);
305 if (ide_in_drive_list(drive->id, hpa_list)) {
307 * Since we are inclusive wrt to firmware revisions do this
308 * extra check and apply the workaround only when needed.
310 if (set_max == capacity + 1)
314 if (set_max <= capacity)
317 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area detected.\n"
318 "\tcurrent capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n"
319 "\tnative capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
321 capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity),
322 set_max, sectors_to_MB(set_max));
324 set_max = idedisk_set_max_address(drive, set_max, lba48);
327 drive->capacity64 = set_max;
328 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area disabled.\n",
333 static int ide_disk_get_capacity(ide_drive_t *drive)
338 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(id)) {
339 /* drive speaks 48-bit LBA */
341 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u64(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY_2);
342 } else if (ata_id_has_lba(id) && ata_id_is_lba_capacity_ok(id)) {
343 /* drive speaks 28-bit LBA */
345 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u32(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY);
347 /* drive speaks boring old 28-bit CHS */
349 drive->capacity64 = drive->cyl * drive->head * drive->sect;
353 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA;
356 * If this device supports the Host Protected Area feature set,
357 * then we may need to change our opinion about its capacity.
359 if (ata_id_hpa_enabled(id))
360 idedisk_check_hpa(drive);
363 /* limit drive capacity to 137GB if LBA48 cannot be used */
364 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 &&
365 drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
366 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: cannot use LBA48 - full capacity "
367 "%llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
368 drive->name, (unsigned long long)drive->capacity64,
369 sectors_to_MB(drive->capacity64));
370 drive->capacity64 = 1ULL << 28;
373 if ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) &&
374 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48)) {
375 if (drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
376 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cannot use LBA48 DMA - PIO mode"
377 " will be used for accessing sectors "
378 "> %u\n", drive->name, 1 << 28);
380 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
386 static void idedisk_prepare_flush(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
388 ide_drive_t *drive = q->queuedata;
389 ide_task_t *task = kmalloc(sizeof(*task), GFP_ATOMIC);
391 /* FIXME: map struct ide_taskfile on rq->cmd[] */
392 BUG_ON(task == NULL);
394 memset(task, 0, sizeof(*task));
395 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id) &&
396 (drive->capacity64 >= (1UL << 28)))
397 task->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
399 task->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
400 task->tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_OUT_TF | IDE_TFLAG_OUT_DEVICE |
402 task->data_phase = TASKFILE_NO_DATA;
404 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
405 rq->cmd_flags |= REQ_SOFTBARRIER;
409 ide_devset_get(multcount, mult_count);
412 * This is tightly woven into the driver->do_special can not touch.
413 * DON'T do it again until a total personality rewrite is committed.
415 static int set_multcount(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
420 if (arg < 0 || arg > (drive->id[ATA_ID_MAX_MULTSECT] & 0xff))
423 if (drive->special.b.set_multmode)
426 rq = blk_get_request(drive->queue, READ, __GFP_WAIT);
427 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
429 drive->mult_req = arg;
430 drive->special.b.set_multmode = 1;
431 error = blk_execute_rq(drive->queue, NULL, rq, 0);
434 return (drive->mult_count == arg) ? 0 : -EIO;
437 ide_devset_get_flag(nowerr, IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR);
439 static int set_nowerr(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
441 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
445 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
447 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
449 drive->bad_wstat = arg ? BAD_R_STAT : BAD_W_STAT;
454 static int ide_do_setfeature(ide_drive_t *drive, u8 feature, u8 nsect)
458 memset(&task, 0, sizeof(task));
459 task.tf.feature = feature;
460 task.tf.nsect = nsect;
461 task.tf.command = ATA_CMD_SET_FEATURES;
462 task.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
464 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &task);
467 static void update_ordered(ide_drive_t *drive)
470 unsigned ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_NONE;
471 prepare_flush_fn *prep_fn = NULL;
473 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) {
474 unsigned long long capacity;
477 * We must avoid issuing commands a drive does not
478 * understand or we may crash it. We check flush cache
479 * is supported. We also check we have the LBA48 flush
480 * cache if the drive capacity is too large. By this
481 * time we have trimmed the drive capacity if LBA48 is
482 * not available so we don't need to recheck that.
484 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
485 barrier = ata_id_flush_enabled(id) &&
486 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_NOFLUSH) == 0 &&
487 ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 ||
488 capacity <= (1ULL << 28) ||
489 ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(id));
491 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cache flushes %ssupported\n",
492 drive->name, barrier ? "" : "not ");
495 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN_FLUSH;
496 prep_fn = idedisk_prepare_flush;
499 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN;
501 blk_queue_ordered(drive->queue, ordered, prep_fn);
504 ide_devset_get_flag(wcache, IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE);
506 static int set_wcache(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
510 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
513 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id)) {
514 err = ide_do_setfeature(drive,
515 arg ? SETFEATURES_WC_ON : SETFEATURES_WC_OFF, 0);
518 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
520 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
524 update_ordered(drive);
529 static int do_idedisk_flushcache(ide_drive_t *drive)
533 memset(&args, 0, sizeof(ide_task_t));
534 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id))
535 args.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
537 args.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
538 args.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
539 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &args);
542 ide_devset_get(acoustic, acoustic);
544 static int set_acoustic(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
546 if (arg < 0 || arg > 254)
549 ide_do_setfeature(drive,
550 arg ? SETFEATURES_AAM_ON : SETFEATURES_AAM_OFF, arg);
552 drive->acoustic = arg;
557 ide_devset_get_flag(addressing, IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
563 * 2: 48-bit capable doing 28-bit
565 static int set_addressing(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
567 if (arg < 0 || arg > 2)
570 if (arg && ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48) ||
571 ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id) == 0))
578 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
580 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
585 ide_ext_devset_rw(acoustic, acoustic);
586 ide_ext_devset_rw(address, addressing);
587 ide_ext_devset_rw(multcount, multcount);
588 ide_ext_devset_rw(wcache, wcache);
590 ide_ext_devset_rw_sync(nowerr, nowerr);
592 static int ide_disk_check(ide_drive_t *drive, const char *s)
597 static void ide_disk_setup(ide_drive_t *drive)
599 struct ide_disk_obj *idkp = drive->driver_data;
600 struct request_queue *q = drive->queue;
601 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
603 char *m = (char *)&id[ATA_ID_PROD];
604 unsigned long long capacity;
606 ide_proc_register_driver(drive, idkp->driver);
608 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_ID_READ) == 0)
611 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_REMOVABLE) {
613 * Removable disks (eg. SYQUEST); ignore 'WD' drives
615 if (m[0] != 'W' || m[1] != 'D')
616 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
619 (void)set_addressing(drive, 1);
621 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) {
624 if (max_s > hwif->rqsize)
625 max_s = hwif->rqsize;
627 blk_queue_max_sectors(q, max_s);
630 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: max request size: %dKiB\n", drive->name,
633 if (ata_id_is_ssd(id))
634 queue_flag_set_unlocked(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, q);
636 /* calculate drive capacity, and select LBA if possible */
637 ide_disk_get_capacity(drive);
640 * if possible, give fdisk access to more of the drive,
641 * by correcting bios_cyls:
643 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
645 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_FORCED_GEOM) == 0) {
646 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id)) {
648 drive->bios_sect = 63;
649 drive->bios_head = 255;
652 if (drive->bios_sect && drive->bios_head) {
653 unsigned int cap0 = capacity; /* truncate to 32 bits */
654 unsigned int cylsz, cyl;
656 if (cap0 != capacity)
657 drive->bios_cyl = 65535;
659 cylsz = drive->bios_sect * drive->bios_head;
663 if (cyl > drive->bios_cyl)
664 drive->bios_cyl = cyl;
668 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %llu sectors (%llu MB)",
669 drive->name, capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity));
671 /* Only print cache size when it was specified */
672 if (id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE])
673 printk(KERN_CONT " w/%dKiB Cache", id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE] / 2);
675 printk(KERN_CONT ", CHS=%d/%d/%d\n",
676 drive->bios_cyl, drive->bios_head, drive->bios_sect);
678 /* write cache enabled? */
679 if ((id[ATA_ID_CSFO] & 1) || ata_id_wcache_enabled(id))
680 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
682 set_wcache(drive, 1);
684 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) == 0 &&
685 (drive->head == 0 || drive->head > 16)) {
686 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: invalid geometry: %d physical heads?\n",
687 drive->name, drive->head);
688 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
690 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
693 static void ide_disk_flush(ide_drive_t *drive)
695 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id) == 0 ||
696 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) == 0)
699 if (do_idedisk_flushcache(drive))
700 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: wcache flush failed!\n", drive->name);
703 static int ide_disk_init_media(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk)
708 static int ide_disk_set_doorlock(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk,
714 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING) == 0)
717 memset(&task, 0, sizeof(task));
718 task.tf.command = on ? ATA_CMD_MEDIA_LOCK : ATA_CMD_MEDIA_UNLOCK;
719 task.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
721 ret = ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &task);
724 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
729 const struct ide_disk_ops ide_ata_disk_ops = {
730 .check = ide_disk_check,
731 .get_capacity = ide_disk_get_capacity,
732 .setup = ide_disk_setup,
733 .flush = ide_disk_flush,
734 .init_media = ide_disk_init_media,
735 .set_doorlock = ide_disk_set_doorlock,
736 .do_request = ide_do_rw_disk,
737 .end_request = ide_end_request,
738 .ioctl = ide_disk_ioctl,