2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
35 #include <linux/console.h>
36 #include <linux/mca.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
53 #include <linux/errno.h>
54 #include <linux/kernel.h>
55 #include <linux/stddef.h>
56 #include <linux/unistd.h>
57 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
58 #include <linux/slab.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
72 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
78 #include <asm/setup.h>
80 #include <asm/timer.h>
81 #include <asm/i8259.h>
82 #include <asm/sections.h>
84 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
87 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
88 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
89 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
90 #include <asm/processor.h>
93 #include <asm/system.h>
94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
101 #include <asm/proto.h>
103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
106 #include <asm/percpu.h>
107 #include <asm/topology.h>
108 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
111 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
115 * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
116 * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
117 * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
119 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
120 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
122 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
124 unsigned int boot_cpu_id __read_mostly;
126 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
127 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
130 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
132 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
135 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
137 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
141 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
142 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
144 struct boot_params boot_params;
150 static struct resource data_resource = {
151 .name = "Kernel data",
154 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
157 static struct resource code_resource = {
158 .name = "Kernel code",
161 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
164 static struct resource bss_resource = {
165 .name = "Kernel bss",
168 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
173 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
174 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
175 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
176 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
177 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
178 static void set_mca_bus(int x)
185 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
187 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
188 unsigned int machine_id;
189 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
190 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
192 struct apm_info apm_info;
193 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
195 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
196 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
197 struct ist_info ist_info;
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
200 struct ist_info ist_info;
204 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
205 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
207 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
211 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
212 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
214 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
217 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
218 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
223 struct screen_info screen_info;
224 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
225 struct edid_info edid_info;
226 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
228 extern int root_mountflags;
230 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
232 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
233 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
234 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
236 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
237 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
238 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
241 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
243 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
247 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
248 * from boot_params into a safe place.
251 static inline void copy_edd(void)
253 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
254 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
255 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
256 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
257 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
260 static inline void copy_edd(void)
265 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
267 size_t mask = align - 1;
270 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
271 BUG_ON(align & mask);
273 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
274 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
276 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
279 memset(ret, 0, size);
285 static void __init init_gbpages(void)
287 if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
288 printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
293 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
298 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
300 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
301 reserve_early(__pa(_brk_start), __pa(_brk_end), "BRK");
303 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
308 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
310 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
311 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
314 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
315 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
316 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
318 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
321 /* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
322 ramdisk_here = find_e820_area(0, end_of_lowmem, ramdisk_size,
325 if (ramdisk_here == -1ULL)
326 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
329 /* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
330 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
331 reserve_early(ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size,
333 initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
334 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
335 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n",
336 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size);
338 q = (char *)initrd_start;
340 /* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
341 if (ramdisk_image < end_of_lowmem) {
342 clen = end_of_lowmem - ramdisk_image;
343 p = (char *)__va(ramdisk_image);
346 ramdisk_image += clen;
347 ramdisk_size -= clen;
350 /* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
351 while (ramdisk_size) {
352 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
354 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
355 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
356 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
357 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
358 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
359 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
361 ramdisk_image += clen;
362 ramdisk_size -= clen;
364 /* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
365 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
366 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
367 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from %016llx - %016llx to"
368 " %08llx - %08llx\n",
369 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
370 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
373 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
375 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
376 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
377 u64 ramdisk_end = ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size;
378 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
380 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
381 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
382 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
386 if (ramdisk_size >= (end_of_lowmem>>1)) {
387 free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
388 printk(KERN_ERR "initrd too large to handle, "
389 "disabling initrd\n");
393 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n", ramdisk_image,
397 if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
398 /* All in lowmem, easy case */
400 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
401 * in i386_start_kernel
403 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
404 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
410 free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
413 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
416 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
418 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
420 struct setup_data *data;
423 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
425 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
427 data = early_memremap(pa_data, PAGE_SIZE);
428 switch (data->type) {
430 parse_e820_ext(data, pa_data);
435 pa_data = data->next;
436 early_iounmap(data, PAGE_SIZE);
440 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
442 struct setup_data *data;
446 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
448 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
450 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
451 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
452 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
454 pa_data = data->next;
455 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
460 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
461 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
462 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
463 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
466 static void __init reserve_early_setup_data(void)
468 struct setup_data *data;
472 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
474 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
476 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
477 sprintf(buf, "setup data %x", data->type);
478 reserve_early(pa_data, pa_data+sizeof(*data)+data->len, buf);
479 pa_data = data->next;
480 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
485 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
490 static inline unsigned long long get_total_mem(void)
492 unsigned long long total;
494 total = max_pfn - min_low_pfn;
496 return total << PAGE_SHIFT;
499 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
501 unsigned long long total_mem;
502 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
505 total_mem = get_total_mem();
507 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
508 &crash_size, &crash_base);
509 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
512 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
513 if (crash_base <= 0) {
514 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
516 crash_base = find_e820_area(alignment, ULONG_MAX, crash_size,
518 if (crash_base == -1ULL) {
519 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
523 unsigned long long start;
525 start = find_e820_area(crash_base, ULONG_MAX, crash_size,
527 if (start != crash_base) {
528 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
532 reserve_early(crash_base, crash_base + crash_size, "CRASH KERNEL");
534 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
535 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
536 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
537 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
538 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
540 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
541 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
542 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
545 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
550 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
551 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
552 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
553 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
554 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
555 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
556 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
557 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
558 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
559 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
560 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
561 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
562 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
563 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
564 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
565 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
566 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
567 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
568 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
569 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
570 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
573 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
577 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
578 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
579 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
584 * Note: elfcorehdr_addr is not just limited to vmcore. It is also used by
585 * is_kdump_kernel() to determine if we are booting after a panic. Hence
586 * ifdef it under CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP and not CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE.
589 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
590 /* elfcorehdr= specifies the location of elf core header
591 * stored by the crashed kernel. This option will be passed
592 * by kexec loader to the capture kernel.
594 static int __init setup_elfcorehdr(char *arg)
599 elfcorehdr_addr = memparse(arg, &end);
600 return end > arg ? 0 : -EINVAL;
602 early_param("elfcorehdr", setup_elfcorehdr);
605 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
606 static int __init dmi_low_memory_corruption(const struct dmi_system_id *d)
609 "%s detected: BIOS may corrupt low RAM, working around it.\n",
612 e820_update_range(0, 0x10000, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
613 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
619 /* List of systems that have known low memory corruption BIOS problems */
620 static struct dmi_system_id __initdata bad_bios_dmi_table[] = {
621 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
623 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
626 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "American Megatrends Inc."),
630 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
631 .ident = "Phoenix BIOS",
633 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "Phoenix Technologies"),
638 * AMI BIOS with low memory corruption was found on Intel DG45ID board.
639 * It hase different DMI_BIOS_VENDOR = "Intel Corp.", for now we will
640 * match only DMI_BOARD_NAME and see if there is more bad products
643 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
646 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_NAME, "DG45ID"),
653 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
656 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
657 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
658 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
660 e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
662 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
663 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
666 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
667 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
671 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
672 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
673 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
674 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
675 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
678 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
680 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
683 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
689 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
690 visws_early_detect();
692 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
695 /* VMI may relocate the fixmap; do this before touching ioremap area */
699 early_ioremap_init();
701 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
702 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
703 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
705 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
706 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
707 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
708 set_mca_bus(boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[3] & 0x2);
709 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
710 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
711 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
714 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
715 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
716 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
717 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
718 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
720 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
721 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
723 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
724 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
725 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
726 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
729 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
741 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
745 /* update the e820_saved too */
746 e820_reserve_setup_data();
750 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
751 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
752 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
753 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
754 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
755 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
757 code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
758 code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
759 data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
760 data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
761 bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
762 bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
764 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
765 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
766 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
768 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
769 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
770 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
771 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
772 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
777 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
778 *cmdline_p = command_line;
781 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
782 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
783 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
784 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
785 * to honor the respective command line option.
793 /* Must be before kernel pagetables are setup */
796 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
797 reserve_early_setup_data();
799 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
800 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
803 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
807 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
808 early_dump_pci_devices();
811 finish_e820_parsing();
818 dmi_check_system(bad_bios_dmi_table);
821 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
822 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
824 init_hypervisor_platform();
826 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
828 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
829 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
830 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
831 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
835 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
836 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
838 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
839 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
840 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
843 early_gart_iommu_check();
847 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
848 * we are rounding upwards:
850 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
852 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
853 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
854 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
856 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
857 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
860 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
861 find_low_pfn_range();
863 num_physpages = max_pfn;
867 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
868 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
869 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
870 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
872 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
874 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
875 max_pfn_mapped = KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT;
878 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
879 setup_bios_corruption_check();
882 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped : 0 - %08lx\n",
883 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
887 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
889 * Reserve low memory region for sleep support.
890 * even before init_memory_mapping
892 acpi_reserve_wakeup_memory();
896 /* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
897 max_low_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(0, max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
898 max_pfn_mapped = max_low_pfn_mapped;
901 if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
902 max_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(1UL<<32,
903 max_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
904 /* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
905 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
910 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
913 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
914 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
915 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
920 reserve_crashkernel();
927 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
929 acpi_boot_table_init();
931 early_acpi_boot_init();
934 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
938 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
940 * Parse SRAT to discover nodes.
942 acpi = acpi_numa_init();
945 #ifdef CONFIG_K8_NUMA
947 k8 = !k8_numa_init(0, max_pfn);
950 initmem_init(0, max_pfn, acpi, k8);
954 * dma32_reserve_bootmem() allocates bootmem which may conflict
955 * with the crashkernel command line, so do that after
956 * reserve_crashkernel()
958 dma32_reserve_bootmem();
961 reserve_ibft_region();
963 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_CLOCK
967 x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_start(swapper_pg_dir);
969 x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_done(swapper_pg_dir);
977 generic_apic_probe();
982 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
989 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
991 if (smp_found_config)
994 prefill_possible_map();
1000 init_apic_mappings();
1001 ioapic_init_mappings();
1003 /* need to wait for io_apic is mapped */
1004 probe_nr_irqs_gsi();
1008 e820_reserve_resources();
1009 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1011 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1016 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1017 if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1018 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1019 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1020 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1023 x86_init.oem.banner();
1026 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1028 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1029 .name = "Video RAM area",
1032 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1035 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1037 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1038 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1041 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */