2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/init.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <linux/swap.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/export.h>
17 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
18 #include <linux/initrd.h>
19 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
20 #include <linux/highmem.h>
21 #include <linux/gfp.h>
22 #include <linux/memblock.h>
23 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
24 #include <linux/sizes.h>
27 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
28 #include <asm/memblock.h>
30 #include <asm/sections.h>
31 #include <asm/setup.h>
33 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
35 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
36 #include <asm/mach/map.h>
40 #ifdef CONFIG_CPU_CP15_MMU
41 unsigned long __init __clear_cr(unsigned long mask)
43 cr_alignment = cr_alignment & ~mask;
48 static phys_addr_t phys_initrd_start __initdata = 0;
49 static unsigned long phys_initrd_size __initdata = 0;
51 static int __init early_initrd(char *p)
57 start = memparse(p, &endp);
59 size = memparse(endp + 1, NULL);
61 phys_initrd_start = start;
62 phys_initrd_size = size;
66 early_param("initrd", early_initrd);
68 static int __init parse_tag_initrd(const struct tag *tag)
70 printk(KERN_WARNING "ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; "
71 "please update your bootloader.\n");
72 phys_initrd_start = __virt_to_phys(tag->u.initrd.start);
73 phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
77 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD, parse_tag_initrd);
79 static int __init parse_tag_initrd2(const struct tag *tag)
81 phys_initrd_start = tag->u.initrd.start;
82 phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
86 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD2, parse_tag_initrd2);
89 * This keeps memory configuration data used by a couple memory
90 * initialization functions, as well as show_mem() for the skipping
91 * of holes in the memory map. It is populated by arm_add_memory().
93 void show_mem(unsigned int filter)
95 int free = 0, total = 0, reserved = 0;
96 int shared = 0, cached = 0, slab = 0;
97 struct memblock_region *reg;
99 printk("Mem-info:\n");
100 show_free_areas(filter);
102 for_each_memblock (memory, reg) {
103 unsigned int pfn1, pfn2;
104 struct page *page, *end;
106 pfn1 = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg);
107 pfn2 = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg);
109 page = pfn_to_page(pfn1);
110 end = pfn_to_page(pfn2 - 1) + 1;
114 if (PageReserved(page))
116 else if (PageSwapCache(page))
118 else if (PageSlab(page))
120 else if (!page_count(page))
123 shared += page_count(page) - 1;
125 page = pfn_to_page(pfn1);
126 } while (pfn1 < pfn2);
129 printk("%d pages of RAM\n", total);
130 printk("%d free pages\n", free);
131 printk("%d reserved pages\n", reserved);
132 printk("%d slab pages\n", slab);
133 printk("%d pages shared\n", shared);
134 printk("%d pages swap cached\n", cached);
137 static void __init find_limits(unsigned long *min, unsigned long *max_low,
138 unsigned long *max_high)
140 *max_low = PFN_DOWN(memblock_get_current_limit());
141 *min = PFN_UP(memblock_start_of_DRAM());
142 *max_high = PFN_DOWN(memblock_end_of_DRAM());
145 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
147 phys_addr_t arm_dma_zone_size __read_mostly;
148 EXPORT_SYMBOL(arm_dma_zone_size);
151 * The DMA mask corresponding to the maximum bus address allocatable
152 * using GFP_DMA. The default here places no restriction on DMA
153 * allocations. This must be the smallest DMA mask in the system,
154 * so a successful GFP_DMA allocation will always satisfy this.
156 phys_addr_t arm_dma_limit;
157 unsigned long arm_dma_pfn_limit;
159 static void __init arm_adjust_dma_zone(unsigned long *size, unsigned long *hole,
160 unsigned long dma_size)
162 if (size[0] <= dma_size)
165 size[ZONE_NORMAL] = size[0] - dma_size;
166 size[ZONE_DMA] = dma_size;
167 hole[ZONE_NORMAL] = hole[0];
172 void __init setup_dma_zone(const struct machine_desc *mdesc)
174 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
175 if (mdesc->dma_zone_size) {
176 arm_dma_zone_size = mdesc->dma_zone_size;
177 arm_dma_limit = PHYS_OFFSET + arm_dma_zone_size - 1;
179 arm_dma_limit = 0xffffffff;
180 arm_dma_pfn_limit = arm_dma_limit >> PAGE_SHIFT;
184 static void __init zone_sizes_init(unsigned long min, unsigned long max_low,
185 unsigned long max_high)
187 unsigned long zone_size[MAX_NR_ZONES], zhole_size[MAX_NR_ZONES];
188 struct memblock_region *reg;
191 * initialise the zones.
193 memset(zone_size, 0, sizeof(zone_size));
196 * The memory size has already been determined. If we need
197 * to do anything fancy with the allocation of this memory
198 * to the zones, now is the time to do it.
200 zone_size[0] = max_low - min;
201 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
202 zone_size[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = max_high - max_low;
206 * Calculate the size of the holes.
207 * holes = node_size - sum(bank_sizes)
209 memcpy(zhole_size, zone_size, sizeof(zhole_size));
210 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
211 unsigned long start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg);
212 unsigned long end = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg);
214 if (start < max_low) {
215 unsigned long low_end = min(end, max_low);
216 zhole_size[0] -= low_end - start;
218 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
220 unsigned long high_start = max(start, max_low);
221 zhole_size[ZONE_HIGHMEM] -= end - high_start;
226 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
228 * Adjust the sizes according to any special requirements for
231 if (arm_dma_zone_size)
232 arm_adjust_dma_zone(zone_size, zhole_size,
233 arm_dma_zone_size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
236 free_area_init_node(0, zone_size, min, zhole_size);
239 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PFN_VALID
240 int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn)
242 return memblock_is_memory(__pfn_to_phys(pfn));
244 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_valid);
247 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
248 static void __init arm_memory_present(void)
252 static void __init arm_memory_present(void)
254 struct memblock_region *reg;
256 for_each_memblock(memory, reg)
257 memory_present(0, memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg),
258 memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg));
262 static bool arm_memblock_steal_permitted = true;
264 phys_addr_t __init arm_memblock_steal(phys_addr_t size, phys_addr_t align)
268 BUG_ON(!arm_memblock_steal_permitted);
270 phys = memblock_alloc_base(size, align, MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ANYWHERE);
271 memblock_free(phys, size);
272 memblock_remove(phys, size);
277 void __init arm_memblock_init(const struct machine_desc *mdesc)
279 /* Register the kernel text, kernel data and initrd with memblock. */
280 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
281 memblock_reserve(__pa(_sdata), _end - _sdata);
283 memblock_reserve(__pa(_stext), _end - _stext);
285 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
286 /* FDT scan will populate initrd_start */
287 if (initrd_start && !phys_initrd_size) {
288 phys_initrd_start = __virt_to_phys(initrd_start);
289 phys_initrd_size = initrd_end - initrd_start;
291 initrd_start = initrd_end = 0;
292 if (phys_initrd_size &&
293 !memblock_is_region_memory(phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size)) {
294 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx is not a memory region - disabling initrd\n",
295 (u64)phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size);
296 phys_initrd_start = phys_initrd_size = 0;
298 if (phys_initrd_size &&
299 memblock_is_region_reserved(phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size)) {
300 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use memory region - disabling initrd\n",
301 (u64)phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size);
302 phys_initrd_start = phys_initrd_size = 0;
304 if (phys_initrd_size) {
305 memblock_reserve(phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size);
307 /* Now convert initrd to virtual addresses */
308 initrd_start = __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start);
309 initrd_end = initrd_start + phys_initrd_size;
313 arm_mm_memblock_reserve();
314 arm_dt_memblock_reserve();
316 /* reserve any platform specific memblock areas */
320 early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
323 * reserve memory for DMA contigouos allocations,
324 * must come from DMA area inside low memory
326 dma_contiguous_reserve(min(arm_dma_limit, arm_lowmem_limit));
328 arm_memblock_steal_permitted = false;
332 void __init bootmem_init(void)
334 unsigned long min, max_low, max_high;
336 memblock_allow_resize();
337 max_low = max_high = 0;
339 find_limits(&min, &max_low, &max_high);
342 * Sparsemem tries to allocate bootmem in memory_present(),
343 * so must be done after the fixed reservations
345 arm_memory_present();
348 * sparse_init() needs the bootmem allocator up and running.
353 * Now free the memory - free_area_init_node needs
354 * the sparse mem_map arrays initialized by sparse_init()
355 * for memmap_init_zone(), otherwise all PFNs are invalid.
357 zone_sizes_init(min, max_low, max_high);
360 * This doesn't seem to be used by the Linux memory manager any
361 * more, but is used by ll_rw_block. If we can get rid of it, we
362 * also get rid of some of the stuff above as well.
365 max_low_pfn = max_low;
370 * Poison init memory with an undefined instruction (ARM) or a branch to an
371 * undefined instruction (Thumb).
373 static inline void poison_init_mem(void *s, size_t count)
376 for (; count != 0; count -= 4)
381 free_memmap(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
383 struct page *start_pg, *end_pg;
384 phys_addr_t pg, pgend;
387 * Convert start_pfn/end_pfn to a struct page pointer.
389 start_pg = pfn_to_page(start_pfn - 1) + 1;
390 end_pg = pfn_to_page(end_pfn - 1) + 1;
393 * Convert to physical addresses, and
394 * round start upwards and end downwards.
396 pg = PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(start_pg));
397 pgend = __pa(end_pg) & PAGE_MASK;
400 * If there are free pages between these,
401 * free the section of the memmap array.
404 memblock_free_early(pg, pgend - pg);
408 * The mem_map array can get very big. Free the unused area of the memory map.
410 static void __init free_unused_memmap(void)
412 unsigned long start, prev_end = 0;
413 struct memblock_region *reg;
416 * This relies on each bank being in address order.
417 * The banks are sorted previously in bootmem_init().
419 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
420 start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg);
422 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
424 * Take care not to free memmap entries that don't exist
425 * due to SPARSEMEM sections which aren't present.
428 ALIGN(prev_end, PAGES_PER_SECTION));
431 * Align down here since the VM subsystem insists that the
432 * memmap entries are valid from the bank start aligned to
433 * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
435 start = round_down(start, MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES);
438 * If we had a previous bank, and there is a space
439 * between the current bank and the previous, free it.
441 if (prev_end && prev_end < start)
442 free_memmap(prev_end, start);
445 * Align up here since the VM subsystem insists that the
446 * memmap entries are valid from the bank end aligned to
447 * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
449 prev_end = ALIGN(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg),
453 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
454 if (!IS_ALIGNED(prev_end, PAGES_PER_SECTION))
455 free_memmap(prev_end,
456 ALIGN(prev_end, PAGES_PER_SECTION));
460 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
461 static inline void free_area_high(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long end)
463 for (; pfn < end; pfn++)
464 free_highmem_page(pfn_to_page(pfn));
468 static void __init free_highpages(void)
470 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
471 unsigned long max_low = max_low_pfn;
472 struct memblock_region *mem, *res;
474 /* set highmem page free */
475 for_each_memblock(memory, mem) {
476 unsigned long start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(mem);
477 unsigned long end = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(mem);
479 /* Ignore complete lowmem entries */
483 /* Truncate partial highmem entries */
487 /* Find and exclude any reserved regions */
488 for_each_memblock(reserved, res) {
489 unsigned long res_start, res_end;
491 res_start = memblock_region_reserved_base_pfn(res);
492 res_end = memblock_region_reserved_end_pfn(res);
496 if (res_start < start)
502 if (res_start != start)
503 free_area_high(start, res_start);
509 /* And now free anything which remains */
511 free_area_high(start, end);
517 * mem_init() marks the free areas in the mem_map and tells us how much
518 * memory is free. This is done after various parts of the system have
519 * claimed their memory after the kernel image.
521 void __init mem_init(void)
523 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
524 /* These pointers are filled in on TCM detection */
529 set_max_mapnr(pfn_to_page(max_pfn) - mem_map);
531 /* this will put all unused low memory onto the freelists */
532 free_unused_memmap();
536 /* now that our DMA memory is actually so designated, we can free it */
537 free_reserved_area(__va(PHYS_OFFSET), swapper_pg_dir, -1, NULL);
542 mem_init_print_info(NULL);
544 #define MLK(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 10
545 #define MLM(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 20
546 #define MLK_ROUNDUP(b, t) b, t, DIV_ROUND_UP(((t) - (b)), SZ_1K)
548 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
549 " vector : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
550 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
551 " DTCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
552 " ITCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
554 " fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
555 " vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
556 " lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
557 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
558 " pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
560 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
561 " modules : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
563 " .text : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
564 " .init : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
565 " .data : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
566 " .bss : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n",
568 MLK(UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE), UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE) +
570 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
571 MLK(DTCM_OFFSET, (unsigned long) dtcm_end),
572 MLK(ITCM_OFFSET, (unsigned long) itcm_end),
574 MLK(FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP),
575 MLM(VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END),
576 MLM(PAGE_OFFSET, (unsigned long)high_memory),
577 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
578 MLM(PKMAP_BASE, (PKMAP_BASE) + (LAST_PKMAP) *
581 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
582 MLM(MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_END),
585 MLK_ROUNDUP(_text, _etext),
586 MLK_ROUNDUP(__init_begin, __init_end),
587 MLK_ROUNDUP(_sdata, _edata),
588 MLK_ROUNDUP(__bss_start, __bss_stop));
595 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
596 * be detected at build time already.
599 BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE > MODULES_VADDR);
600 BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE > MODULES_VADDR);
603 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
604 BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE > PAGE_OFFSET);
605 BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE > PAGE_OFFSET);
608 if (PAGE_SIZE >= 16384 && get_num_physpages() <= 128) {
609 extern int sysctl_overcommit_memory;
611 * On a machine this small we won't get
612 * anywhere without overcommit, so turn
615 sysctl_overcommit_memory = OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS;
619 void free_initmem(void)
621 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
622 extern char __tcm_start, __tcm_end;
624 poison_init_mem(&__tcm_start, &__tcm_end - &__tcm_start);
625 free_reserved_area(&__tcm_start, &__tcm_end, -1, "TCM link");
628 poison_init_mem(__init_begin, __init_end - __init_begin);
629 if (!machine_is_integrator() && !machine_is_cintegrator())
630 free_initmem_default(-1);
633 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
635 static int keep_initrd;
637 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
640 poison_init_mem((void *)start, PAGE_ALIGN(end) - start);
641 free_reserved_area((void *)start, (void *)end, -1, "initrd");
645 static int __init keepinitrd_setup(char *__unused)
651 __setup("keepinitrd", keepinitrd_setup);