mm/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  *  linux/mm/vmstat.c
   3  *
   4  *  Manages VM statistics
   5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994  Linus Torvalds
   6  *
   7  *  zoned VM statistics
   8  *  Copyright (C) 2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc.,
   9  *              Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
  10  */
  11 #include <linux/fs.h>
  12 #include <linux/mm.h>
  13 #include <linux/err.h>
  14 #include <linux/module.h>
  15 #include <linux/slab.h>
  16 #include <linux/cpu.h>
  17 #include <linux/vmstat.h>
  18 #include <linux/sched.h>
  19 #include <linux/math64.h>
  20 #include <linux/writeback.h>
  21 #include <linux/compaction.h>
  22
  23 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
  24 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_event_state, vm_event_states) = {{0}};
  25 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(vm_event_states);
  26
  27 static void sum_vm_events(unsigned long *ret)
  28 {
  29         int cpu;
  30         int i;
  31
  32         memset(ret, 0, NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long));
  33
  34         for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
  35                 struct vm_event_state *this = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu);
  36
  37                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++)
  38                         ret[i] += this->event[i];
  39         }
  40 }
  41
  42 /*
  43  * Accumulate the vm event counters across all CPUs.
  44  * The result is unavoidably approximate - it can change
  45  * during and after execution of this function.
  46 */
  47 void all_vm_events(unsigned long *ret)
  48 {
  49         get_online_cpus();
  50         sum_vm_events(ret);
  51         put_online_cpus();
  52 }
  53 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(all_vm_events);
  54
  55 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG
  56 /*
  57  * Fold the foreign cpu events into our own.
  58  *
  59  * This is adding to the events on one processor
  60  * but keeps the global counts constant.
  61  */
  62 void vm_events_fold_cpu(int cpu)
  63 {
  64         struct vm_event_state *fold_state = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu);
  65         int i;
  66
  67         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++) {
  68                 count_vm_events(i, fold_state->event[i]);
  69                 fold_state->event[i] = 0;
  70         }
  71 }
  72 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG */
  73
  74 #endif /* CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS */
  75
  76 /*
  77  * Manage combined zone based / global counters
  78  *
  79  * vm_stat contains the global counters
  80  */
  81 atomic_long_t vm_stat[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS];
  82 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_stat);
  83
  84 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  85
  86 int calculate_pressure_threshold(struct zone *zone)
  87 {
  88         int threshold;
  89         int watermark_distance;
  90
  91         /*
  92          * As vmstats are not up to date, there is drift between the estimated
  93          * and real values. For high thresholds and a high number of CPUs, it
  94          * is possible for the min watermark to be breached while the estimated
  95          * value looks fine. The pressure threshold is a reduced value such
  96          * that even the maximum amount of drift will not accidentally breach
  97          * the min watermark
  98          */
  99         watermark_distance = low_wmark_pages(zone) - min_wmark_pages(zone);
 100         threshold = max(1, (int)(watermark_distance / num_online_cpus()));
 101
 102         /*
 103          * Maximum threshold is 125
 104          */
 105         threshold = min(125, threshold);
 106
 107         return threshold;
 108 }
 109
 110 int calculate_normal_threshold(struct zone *zone)
 111 {
 112         int threshold;
 113         int mem;        /* memory in 128 MB units */
 114
 115         /*
 116          * The threshold scales with the number of processors and the amount
 117          * of memory per zone. More memory means that we can defer updates for
 118          * longer, more processors could lead to more contention.
 119          * fls() is used to have a cheap way of logarithmic scaling.
 120          *
 121          * Some sample thresholds:
 122          *
 123          * Threshold    Processors      (fls)   Zonesize        fls(mem+1)
 124          * ------------------------------------------------------------------
 125          * 8            1               1       0.9-1 GB        4
 126          * 16           2               2       0.9-1 GB        4
 127          * 20           2               2       1-2 GB          5
 128          * 24           2               2       2-4 GB          6
 129          * 28           2               2       4-8 GB          7
 130          * 32           2               2       8-16 GB         8
 131          * 4            2               2       <128M           1
 132          * 30           4               3       2-4 GB          5
 133          * 48           4               3       8-16 GB         8
 134          * 32           8               4       1-2 GB          4
 135          * 32           8               4       0.9-1GB         4
 136          * 10           16              5       <128M           1
 137          * 40           16              5       900M            4
 138          * 70           64              7       2-4 GB          5
 139          * 84           64              7       4-8 GB          6
 140          * 108          512             9       4-8 GB          6
 141          * 125          1024            10      8-16 GB         8
 142          * 125          1024            10      16-32 GB        9
 143          */
 144
 145         mem = zone->present_pages >> (27 - PAGE_SHIFT);
 146
 147         threshold = 2 * fls(num_online_cpus()) * (1 + fls(mem));
 148
 149         /*
 150          * Maximum threshold is 125
 151          */
 152         threshold = min(125, threshold);
 153
 154         return threshold;
 155 }
 156
 157 /*
 158  * Refresh the thresholds for each zone.
 159  */
 160 static void refresh_zone_stat_thresholds(void)
 161 {
 162         struct zone *zone;
 163         int cpu;
 164         int threshold;
 165
 166         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 167                 unsigned long max_drift, tolerate_drift;
 168
 169                 threshold = calculate_normal_threshold(zone);
 170
 171                 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
 172                         per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu)->stat_threshold
 173                                                         = threshold;
 174
 175                 /*
 176                  * Only set percpu_drift_mark if there is a danger that
 177                  * NR_FREE_PAGES reports the low watermark is ok when in fact
 178                  * the min watermark could be breached by an allocation
 179                  */
 180                 tolerate_drift = low_wmark_pages(zone) - min_wmark_pages(zone);
 181                 max_drift = num_online_cpus() * threshold;
 182                 if (max_drift > tolerate_drift)
 183                         zone->percpu_drift_mark = high_wmark_pages(zone) +
 184                                         max_drift;
 185         }
 186 }
 187
 188 void set_pgdat_percpu_threshold(pg_data_t *pgdat,
 189                                 int (*calculate_pressure)(struct zone *))
 190 {
 191         struct zone *zone;
 192         int cpu;
 193         int threshold;
 194         int i;
 195
 196         for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
 197                 zone = &pgdat->node_zones[i];
 198                 if (!zone->percpu_drift_mark)
 199                         continue;
 200
 201                 threshold = (*calculate_pressure)(zone);
 202                 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
 203                         per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu)->stat_threshold
 204                                                         = threshold;
 205         }
 206 }
 207
 208 /*
 209  * For use when we know that interrupts are disabled.
 210  */
 211 void __mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 212                                 int delta)
 213 {
 214         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 215         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 216         long x;
 217         long t;
 218
 219         x = delta + __this_cpu_read(*p);
 220
 221         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 222
 223         if (unlikely(x > t || x < -t)) {
 224                 zone_page_state_add(x, zone, item);
 225                 x = 0;
 226         }
 227         __this_cpu_write(*p, x);
 228 }
 229 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mod_zone_page_state);
 230
 231 /*
 232  * Optimized increment and decrement functions.
 233  *
 234  * These are only for a single page and therefore can take a struct page *
 235  * argument instead of struct zone *. This allows the inclusion of the code
 236  * generated for page_zone(page) into the optimized functions.
 237  *
 238  * No overflow check is necessary and therefore the differential can be
 239  * incremented or decremented in place which may allow the compilers to
 240  * generate better code.
 241  * The increment or decrement is known and therefore one boundary check can
 242  * be omitted.
 243  *
 244  * NOTE: These functions are very performance sensitive. Change only
 245  * with care.
 246  *
 247  * Some processors have inc/dec instructions that are atomic vs an interrupt.
 248  * However, the code must first determine the differential location in a zone
 249  * based on the processor number and then inc/dec the counter. There is no
 250  * guarantee without disabling preemption that the processor will not change
 251  * in between and therefore the atomicity vs. interrupt cannot be exploited
 252  * in a useful way here.
 253  */
 254 void __inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 255 {
 256         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 257         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 258         s8 v, t;
 259
 260         v = __this_cpu_inc_return(*p);
 261         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 262         if (unlikely(v > t)) {
 263                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 264
 265                 zone_page_state_add(v + overstep, zone, item);
 266                 __this_cpu_write(*p, -overstep);
 267         }
 268 }
 269
 270 void __inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 271 {
 272         __inc_zone_state(page_zone(page), item);
 273 }
 274 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__inc_zone_page_state);
 275
 276 void __dec_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 277 {
 278         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 279         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 280         s8 v, t;
 281
 282         v = __this_cpu_dec_return(*p);
 283         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 284         if (unlikely(v < - t)) {
 285                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 286
 287                 zone_page_state_add(v - overstep, zone, item);
 288                 __this_cpu_write(*p, overstep);
 289         }
 290 }
 291
 292 void __dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 293 {
 294         __dec_zone_state(page_zone(page), item);
 295 }
 296 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dec_zone_page_state);
 297
 298 #ifdef CONFIG_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
 299 /*
 300  * If we have cmpxchg_local support then we do not need to incur the overhead
 301  * that comes with local_irq_save/restore if we use this_cpu_cmpxchg.
 302  *
 303  * mod_state() modifies the zone counter state through atomic per cpu
 304  * operations.
 305  *
 306  * Overstep mode specifies how overstep should handled:
 307  *     0       No overstepping
 308  *     1       Overstepping half of threshold
 309  *     -1      Overstepping minus half of threshold
 310 */
 311 static inline void mod_state(struct zone *zone,
 312        enum zone_stat_item item, int delta, int overstep_mode)
 313 {
 314         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 315         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 316         long o, n, t, z;
 317
 318         do {
 319                 z = 0;  /* overflow to zone counters */
 320
 321                 /*
 322                  * The fetching of the stat_threshold is racy. We may apply
 323                  * a counter threshold to the wrong the cpu if we get
 324                  * rescheduled while executing here. However, the next
 325                  * counter update will apply the threshold again and
 326                  * therefore bring the counter under the threshold again.
 327                  *
 328                  * Most of the time the thresholds are the same anyways
 329                  * for all cpus in a zone.
 330                  */
 331                 t = this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 332
 333                 o = this_cpu_read(*p);
 334                 n = delta + o;
 335
 336                 if (n > t || n < -t) {
 337                         int os = overstep_mode * (t >> 1) ;
 338
 339                         /* Overflow must be added to zone counters */
 340                         z = n + os;
 341                         n = -os;
 342                 }
 343         } while (this_cpu_cmpxchg(*p, o, n) != o);
 344
 345         if (z)
 346                 zone_page_state_add(z, zone, item);
 347 }
 348
 349 void mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 350                                         int delta)
 351 {
 352         mod_state(zone, item, delta, 0);
 353 }
 354 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_zone_page_state);
 355
 356 void inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 357 {
 358         mod_state(zone, item, 1, 1);
 359 }
 360
 361 void inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 362 {
 363         mod_state(page_zone(page), item, 1, 1);
 364 }
 365 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_zone_page_state);
 366
 367 void dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 368 {
 369         mod_state(page_zone(page), item, -1, -1);
 370 }
 371 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state);
 372 #else
 373 /*
 374  * Use interrupt disable to serialize counter updates
 375  */
 376 void mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 377                                         int delta)
 378 {
 379         unsigned long flags;
 380
 381         local_irq_save(flags);
 382         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, item, delta);
 383         local_irq_restore(flags);
 384 }
 385 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_zone_page_state);
 386
 387 void inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 388 {
 389         unsigned long flags;
 390
 391         local_irq_save(flags);
 392         __inc_zone_state(zone, item);
 393         local_irq_restore(flags);
 394 }
 395
 396 void inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 397 {
 398         unsigned long flags;
 399         struct zone *zone;
 400
 401         zone = page_zone(page);
 402         local_irq_save(flags);
 403         __inc_zone_state(zone, item);
 404         local_irq_restore(flags);
 405 }
 406 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_zone_page_state);
 407
 408 void dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 409 {
 410         unsigned long flags;
 411
 412         local_irq_save(flags);
 413         __dec_zone_page_state(page, item);
 414         local_irq_restore(flags);
 415 }
 416 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state);
 417 #endif
 418
 419 /*
 420  * Update the zone counters for one cpu.
 421  *
 422  * The cpu specified must be either the current cpu or a processor that
 423  * is not online. If it is the current cpu then the execution thread must
 424  * be pinned to the current cpu.
 425  *
 426  * Note that refresh_cpu_vm_stats strives to only access
 427  * node local memory. The per cpu pagesets on remote zones are placed
 428  * in the memory local to the processor using that pageset. So the
 429  * loop over all zones will access a series of cachelines local to
 430  * the processor.
 431  *
 432  * The call to zone_page_state_add updates the cachelines with the
 433  * statistics in the remote zone struct as well as the global cachelines
 434  * with the global counters. These could cause remote node cache line
 435  * bouncing and will have to be only done when necessary.
 436  */
 437 void refresh_cpu_vm_stats(int cpu)
 438 {
 439         struct zone *zone;
 440         int i;
 441         int global_diff[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 442
 443         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 444                 struct per_cpu_pageset *p;
 445
 446                 p = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu);
 447
 448                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 449                         if (p->vm_stat_diff[i]) {
 450                                 unsigned long flags;
 451                                 int v;
 452
 453                                 local_irq_save(flags);
 454                                 v = p->vm_stat_diff[i];
 455                                 p->vm_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 456                                 local_irq_restore(flags);
 457                                 atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
 458                                 global_diff[i] += v;
 459 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 460                                 /* 3 seconds idle till flush */
 461                                 p->expire = 3;
 462 #endif
 463                         }
 464                 cond_resched();
 465 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 466                 /*
 467                  * Deal with draining the remote pageset of this
 468                  * processor
 469                  *
 470                  * Check if there are pages remaining in this pageset
 471                  * if not then there is nothing to expire.
 472                  */
 473                 if (!p->expire || !p->pcp.count)
 474                         continue;
 475
 476                 /*
 477                  * We never drain zones local to this processor.
 478                  */
 479                 if (zone_to_nid(zone) == numa_node_id()) {
 480                         p->expire = 0;
 481                         continue;
 482                 }
 483
 484                 p->expire--;
 485                 if (p->expire)
 486                         continue;
 487
 488                 if (p->pcp.count)
 489                         drain_zone_pages(zone, &p->pcp);
 490 #endif
 491         }
 492
 493         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 494                 if (global_diff[i])
 495                         atomic_long_add(global_diff[i], &vm_stat[i]);
 496 }
 497
 498 #endif
 499
 500 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 501 /*
 502  * zonelist = the list of zones passed to the allocator
 503  * z        = the zone from which the allocation occurred.
 504  *
 505  * Must be called with interrupts disabled.
 506  *
 507  * When __GFP_OTHER_NODE is set assume the node of the preferred
 508  * zone is the local node. This is useful for daemons who allocate
 509  * memory on behalf of other processes.
 510  */
 511 void zone_statistics(struct zone *preferred_zone, struct zone *z, gfp_t flags)
 512 {
 513         if (z->zone_pgdat == preferred_zone->zone_pgdat) {
 514                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_HIT);
 515         } else {
 516                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_MISS);
 517                 __inc_zone_state(preferred_zone, NUMA_FOREIGN);
 518         }
 519         if (z->node == ((flags & __GFP_OTHER_NODE) ?
 520                         preferred_zone->node : numa_node_id()))
 521                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_LOCAL);
 522         else
 523                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_OTHER);
 524 }
 525 #endif
 526
 527 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
 528
 529 struct contig_page_info {
 530         unsigned long free_pages;
 531         unsigned long free_blocks_total;
 532         unsigned long free_blocks_suitable;
 533 };
 534
 535 /*
 536  * Calculate the number of free pages in a zone, how many contiguous
 537  * pages are free and how many are large enough to satisfy an allocation of
 538  * the target size. Note that this function makes no attempt to estimate
 539  * how many suitable free blocks there *might* be if MOVABLE pages were
 540  * migrated. Calculating that is possible, but expensive and can be
 541  * figured out from userspace
 542  */
 543 static void fill_contig_page_info(struct zone *zone,
 544                                 unsigned int suitable_order,
 545                                 struct contig_page_info *info)
 546 {
 547         unsigned int order;
 548
 549         info->free_pages = 0;
 550         info->free_blocks_total = 0;
 551         info->free_blocks_suitable = 0;
 552
 553         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; order++) {
 554                 unsigned long blocks;
 555
 556                 /* Count number of free blocks */
 557                 blocks = zone->free_area[order].nr_free;
 558                 info->free_blocks_total += blocks;
 559
 560                 /* Count free base pages */
 561                 info->free_pages += blocks << order;
 562
 563                 /* Count the suitable free blocks */
 564                 if (order >= suitable_order)
 565                         info->free_blocks_suitable += blocks <<
 566                                                 (order - suitable_order);
 567         }
 568 }
 569
 570 /*
 571  * A fragmentation index only makes sense if an allocation of a requested
 572  * size would fail. If that is true, the fragmentation index indicates
 573  * whether external fragmentation or a lack of memory was the problem.
 574  * The value can be used to determine if page reclaim or compaction
 575  * should be used
 576  */
 577 static int __fragmentation_index(unsigned int order, struct contig_page_info *info)
 578 {
 579         unsigned long requested = 1UL << order;
 580
 581         if (!info->free_blocks_total)
 582                 return 0;
 583
 584         /* Fragmentation index only makes sense when a request would fail */
 585         if (info->free_blocks_suitable)
 586                 return -1000;
 587
 588         /*
 589          * Index is between 0 and 1 so return within 3 decimal places
 590          *
 591          * 0 => allocation would fail due to lack of memory
 592          * 1 => allocation would fail due to fragmentation
 593          */
 594         return 1000 - div_u64( (1000+(div_u64(info->free_pages * 1000ULL, requested))), info->free_blocks_total);
 595 }
 596
 597 /* Same as __fragmentation index but allocs contig_page_info on stack */
 598 int fragmentation_index(struct zone *zone, unsigned int order)
 599 {
 600         struct contig_page_info info;
 601
 602         fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
 603         return __fragmentation_index(order, &info);
 604 }
 605 #endif
 606
 607 #if defined(CONFIG_PROC_FS) || defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION)
 608 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 609 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 610
 611 static char * const migratetype_names[MIGRATE_TYPES] = {
 612         "Unmovable",
 613         "Reclaimable",
 614         "Movable",
 615         "Reserve",
 616         "Isolate",
 617 };
 618
 619 static void *frag_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
 620 {
 621         pg_data_t *pgdat;
 622         loff_t node = *pos;
 623         for (pgdat = first_online_pgdat();
 624              pgdat && node;
 625              pgdat = next_online_pgdat(pgdat))
 626                 --node;
 627
 628         return pgdat;
 629 }
 630
 631 static void *frag_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos)
 632 {
 633         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 634
 635         (*pos)++;
 636         return next_online_pgdat(pgdat);
 637 }
 638
 639 static void frag_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 640 {
 641 }
 642
 643 /* Walk all the zones in a node and print using a callback */
 644 static void walk_zones_in_node(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
 645                 void (*print)(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *, struct zone *))
 646 {
 647         struct zone *zone;
 648         struct zone *node_zones = pgdat->node_zones;
 649         unsigned long flags;
 650
 651         for (zone = node_zones; zone - node_zones < MAX_NR_ZONES; ++zone) {
 652                 if (!populated_zone(zone))
 653                         continue;
 654
 655                 spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags);
 656                 print(m, pgdat, zone);
 657                 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags);
 658         }
 659 }
 660 #endif
 661
 662 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
 663 static void frag_show_print(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
 664                                                 struct zone *zone)
 665 {
 666         int order;
 667
 668         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
 669         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order)
 670                 seq_printf(m, "%6lu ", zone->free_area[order].nr_free);
 671         seq_putc(m, '\n');
 672 }
 673
 674 /*
 675  * This walks the free areas for each zone.
 676  */
 677 static int frag_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 678 {
 679         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 680         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, frag_show_print);
 681         return 0;
 682 }
 683
 684 static void pagetypeinfo_showfree_print(struct seq_file *m,
 685                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
 686 {
 687         int order, mtype;
 688
 689         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++) {
 690                 seq_printf(m, "Node %4d, zone %8s, type %12s ",
 691                                         pgdat->node_id,
 692                                         zone->name,
 693                                         migratetype_names[mtype]);
 694                 for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
 695                         unsigned long freecount = 0;
 696                         struct free_area *area;
 697                         struct list_head *curr;
 698
 699                         area = &(zone->free_area[order]);
 700
 701                         list_for_each(curr, &area->free_list[mtype])
 702                                 freecount++;
 703                         seq_printf(m, "%6lu ", freecount);
 704                 }
 705                 seq_putc(m, '\n');
 706         }
 707 }
 708
 709 /* Print out the free pages at each order for each migatetype */
 710 static int pagetypeinfo_showfree(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 711 {
 712         int order;
 713         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 714
 715         /* Print header */
 716         seq_printf(m, "%-43s ", "Free pages count per migrate type at order");
 717         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order)
 718                 seq_printf(m, "%6d ", order);
 719         seq_putc(m, '\n');
 720
 721         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, pagetypeinfo_showfree_print);
 722
 723         return 0;
 724 }
 725
 726 static void pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print(struct seq_file *m,
 727                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
 728 {
 729         int mtype;
 730         unsigned long pfn;
 731         unsigned long start_pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn;
 732         unsigned long end_pfn = start_pfn + zone->spanned_pages;
 733         unsigned long count[MIGRATE_TYPES] = { 0, };
 734
 735         for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn; pfn += pageblock_nr_pages) {
 736                 struct page *page;
 737
 738                 if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
 739                         continue;
 740
 741                 page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
 742
 743                 /* Watch for unexpected holes punched in the memmap */
 744                 if (!memmap_valid_within(pfn, page, zone))
 745                         continue;
 746
 747                 mtype = get_pageblock_migratetype(page);
 748
 749                 if (mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES)
 750                         count[mtype]++;
 751         }
 752
 753         /* Print counts */
 754         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
 755         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
 756                 seq_printf(m, "%12lu ", count[mtype]);
 757         seq_putc(m, '\n');
 758 }
 759
 760 /* Print out the free pages at each order for each migratetype */
 761 static int pagetypeinfo_showblockcount(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 762 {
 763         int mtype;
 764         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 765
 766         seq_printf(m, "\n%-23s", "Number of blocks type ");
 767         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
 768                 seq_printf(m, "%12s ", migratetype_names[mtype]);
 769         seq_putc(m, '\n');
 770         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print);
 771
 772         return 0;
 773 }
 774
 775 /*
 776  * This prints out statistics in relation to grouping pages by mobility.
 777  * It is expensive to collect so do not constantly read the file.
 778  */
 779 static int pagetypeinfo_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 780 {
 781         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 782
 783         /* check memoryless node */
 784         if (!node_state(pgdat->node_id, N_HIGH_MEMORY))
 785                 return 0;
 786
 787         seq_printf(m, "Page block order: %d\n", pageblock_order);
 788         seq_printf(m, "Pages per block:  %lu\n", pageblock_nr_pages);
 789         seq_putc(m, '\n');
 790         pagetypeinfo_showfree(m, pgdat);
 791         pagetypeinfo_showblockcount(m, pgdat);
 792
 793         return 0;
 794 }
 795
 796 static const struct seq_operations fragmentation_op = {
 797         .start  = frag_start,
 798         .next   = frag_next,
 799         .stop   = frag_stop,
 800         .show   = frag_show,
 801 };
 802
 803 static int fragmentation_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 804 {
 805         return seq_open(file, &fragmentation_op);
 806 }
 807
 808 static const struct file_operations fragmentation_file_operations = {
 809         .open           = fragmentation_open,
 810         .read           = seq_read,
 811         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
 812         .release        = seq_release,
 813 };
 814
 815 static const struct seq_operations pagetypeinfo_op = {
 816         .start  = frag_start,
 817         .next   = frag_next,
 818         .stop   = frag_stop,
 819         .show   = pagetypeinfo_show,
 820 };
 821
 822 static int pagetypeinfo_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 823 {
 824         return seq_open(file, &pagetypeinfo_op);
 825 }
 826
 827 static const struct file_operations pagetypeinfo_file_ops = {
 828         .open           = pagetypeinfo_open,
 829         .read           = seq_read,
 830         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
 831         .release        = seq_release,
 832 };
 833
 834 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
 835 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx) xx "_dma",
 836 #else
 837 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx)
 838 #endif
 839
 840 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
 841 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx) xx "_dma32",
 842 #else
 843 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx)
 844 #endif
 845
 846 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 847 #define TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx) xx "_high",
 848 #else
 849 #define TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx)
 850 #endif
 851
 852 #define TEXTS_FOR_ZONES(xx) TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx) TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx) xx "_normal", \
 853                                         TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx) xx "_movable",
 854
 855 static const char * const vmstat_text[] = {
 856         /* Zoned VM counters */
 857         "nr_free_pages",
 858         "nr_inactive_anon",
 859         "nr_active_anon",
 860         "nr_inactive_file",
 861         "nr_active_file",
 862         "nr_unevictable",
 863         "nr_mlock",
 864         "nr_anon_pages",
 865         "nr_mapped",
 866         "nr_file_pages",
 867         "nr_dirty",
 868         "nr_writeback",
 869         "nr_slab_reclaimable",
 870         "nr_slab_unreclaimable",
 871         "nr_page_table_pages",
 872         "nr_kernel_stack",
 873         "nr_unstable",
 874         "nr_bounce",
 875         "nr_vmscan_write",
 876         "nr_writeback_temp",
 877         "nr_isolated_anon",
 878         "nr_isolated_file",
 879         "nr_shmem",
 880         "nr_dirtied",
 881         "nr_written",
 882
 883 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 884         "numa_hit",
 885         "numa_miss",
 886         "numa_foreign",
 887         "numa_interleave",
 888         "numa_local",
 889         "numa_other",
 890 #endif
 891         "nr_anon_transparent_hugepages",
 892         "nr_dirty_threshold",
 893         "nr_dirty_background_threshold",
 894
 895 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
 896         "pgpgin",
 897         "pgpgout",
 898         "pswpin",
 899         "pswpout",
 900
 901         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgalloc")
 902
 903         "pgfree",
 904         "pgactivate",
 905         "pgdeactivate",
 906
 907         "pgfault",
 908         "pgmajfault",
 909
 910         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgrefill")
 911         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgsteal")
 912         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgscan_kswapd")
 913         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgscan_direct")
 914
 915 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 916         "zone_reclaim_failed",
 917 #endif
 918         "pginodesteal",
 919         "slabs_scanned",
 920         "kswapd_steal",
 921         "kswapd_inodesteal",
 922         "kswapd_low_wmark_hit_quickly",
 923         "kswapd_high_wmark_hit_quickly",
 924         "kswapd_skip_congestion_wait",
 925         "pageoutrun",
 926         "allocstall",
 927
 928         "pgrotated",
 929
 930 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
 931         "compact_blocks_moved",
 932         "compact_pages_moved",
 933         "compact_pagemigrate_failed",
 934         "compact_stall",
 935         "compact_fail",
 936         "compact_success",
 937 #endif
 938
 939 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
 940         "htlb_buddy_alloc_success",
 941         "htlb_buddy_alloc_fail",
 942 #endif
 943         "unevictable_pgs_culled",
 944         "unevictable_pgs_scanned",
 945         "unevictable_pgs_rescued",
 946         "unevictable_pgs_mlocked",
 947         "unevictable_pgs_munlocked",
 948         "unevictable_pgs_cleared",
 949         "unevictable_pgs_stranded",
 950         "unevictable_pgs_mlockfreed",
 951
 952 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
 953         "thp_fault_alloc",
 954         "thp_fault_fallback",
 955         "thp_collapse_alloc",
 956         "thp_collapse_alloc_failed",
 957         "thp_split",
 958 #endif
 959
 960 #endif /* CONFIG_VM_EVENTS_COUNTERS */
 961 };
 962
 963 static void zoneinfo_show_print(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
 964                                                         struct zone *zone)
 965 {
 966         int i;
 967         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
 968         seq_printf(m,
 969                    "\n  pages free     %lu"
 970                    "\n        min      %lu"
 971                    "\n        low      %lu"
 972                    "\n        high     %lu"
 973                    "\n        scanned  %lu"
 974                    "\n        spanned  %lu"
 975                    "\n        present  %lu",
 976                    zone_page_state(zone, NR_FREE_PAGES),
 977                    min_wmark_pages(zone),
 978                    low_wmark_pages(zone),
 979                    high_wmark_pages(zone),
 980                    zone->pages_scanned,
 981                    zone->spanned_pages,
 982                    zone->present_pages);
 983
 984         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 985                 seq_printf(m, "\n    %-12s %lu", vmstat_text[i],
 986                                 zone_page_state(zone, i));
 987
 988         seq_printf(m,
 989                    "\n        protection: (%lu",
 990                    zone->lowmem_reserve[0]);
 991         for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(zone->lowmem_reserve); i++)
 992                 seq_printf(m, ", %lu", zone->lowmem_reserve[i]);
 993         seq_printf(m,
 994                    ")"
 995                    "\n  pagesets");
 996         for_each_online_cpu(i) {
 997                 struct per_cpu_pageset *pageset;
 998
 999                 pageset = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, i);
1000                 seq_printf(m,
1001                            "\n    cpu: %i"
1002                            "\n              count: %i"
1003                            "\n              high:  %i"
1004                            "\n              batch: %i",
1005                            i,
1006                            pageset->pcp.count,
1007                            pageset->pcp.high,
1008                            pageset->pcp.batch);
1009 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1010                 seq_printf(m, "\n  vm stats threshold: %d",
1011                                 pageset->stat_threshold);
1012 #endif
1013         }
1014         seq_printf(m,
1015                    "\n  all_unreclaimable: %u"
1016                    "\n  start_pfn:         %lu"
1017                    "\n  inactive_ratio:    %u",
1018                    zone->all_unreclaimable,
1019                    zone->zone_start_pfn,
1020                    zone->inactive_ratio);
1021         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1022 }
1023
1024 /*
1025  * Output information about zones in @pgdat.
1026  */
1027 static int zoneinfo_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1028 {
1029         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1030         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, zoneinfo_show_print);
1031         return 0;
1032 }
1033
1034 static const struct seq_operations zoneinfo_op = {
1035         .start  = frag_start, /* iterate over all zones. The same as in
1036                                * fragmentation. */
1037         .next   = frag_next,
1038         .stop   = frag_stop,
1039         .show   = zoneinfo_show,
1040 };
1041
1042 static int zoneinfo_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1043 {
1044         return seq_open(file, &zoneinfo_op);
1045 }
1046
1047 static const struct file_operations proc_zoneinfo_file_operations = {
1048         .open           = zoneinfo_open,
1049         .read           = seq_read,
1050         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1051         .release        = seq_release,
1052 };
1053
1054 enum writeback_stat_item {
1055         NR_DIRTY_THRESHOLD,
1056         NR_DIRTY_BG_THRESHOLD,
1057         NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS,
1058 };
1059
1060 static void *vmstat_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
1061 {
1062         unsigned long *v;
1063         int i, stat_items_size;
1064
1065         if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text))
1066                 return NULL;
1067         stat_items_size = NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long) +
1068                           NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long);
1069
1070 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1071         stat_items_size += sizeof(struct vm_event_state);
1072 #endif
1073
1074         v = kmalloc(stat_items_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1075         m->private = v;
1076         if (!v)
1077                 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1078         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1079                 v[i] = global_page_state(i);
1080         v += NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS;
1081
1082         global_dirty_limits(v + NR_DIRTY_BG_THRESHOLD,
1083                             v + NR_DIRTY_THRESHOLD);
1084         v += NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS;
1085
1086 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1087         all_vm_events(v);
1088         v[PGPGIN] /= 2;         /* sectors -> kbytes */
1089         v[PGPGOUT] /= 2;
1090 #endif
1091         return (unsigned long *)m->private + *pos;
1092 }
1093
1094 static void *vmstat_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos)
1095 {
1096         (*pos)++;
1097         if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text))
1098                 return NULL;
1099         return (unsigned long *)m->private + *pos;
1100 }
1101
1102 static int vmstat_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1103 {
1104         unsigned long *l = arg;
1105         unsigned long off = l - (unsigned long *)m->private;
1106
1107         seq_printf(m, "%s %lu\n", vmstat_text[off], *l);
1108         return 0;
1109 }
1110
1111 static void vmstat_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1112 {
1113         kfree(m->private);
1114         m->private = NULL;
1115 }
1116
1117 static const struct seq_operations vmstat_op = {
1118         .start  = vmstat_start,
1119         .next   = vmstat_next,
1120         .stop   = vmstat_stop,
1121         .show   = vmstat_show,
1122 };
1123
1124 static int vmstat_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1125 {
1126         return seq_open(file, &vmstat_op);
1127 }
1128
1129 static const struct file_operations proc_vmstat_file_operations = {
1130         .open           = vmstat_open,
1131         .read           = seq_read,
1132         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1133         .release        = seq_release,
1134 };
1135 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
1136
1137 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1138 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct delayed_work, vmstat_work);
1139 int sysctl_stat_interval __read_mostly = HZ;
1140
1141 static void vmstat_update(struct work_struct *w)
1142 {
1143         refresh_cpu_vm_stats(smp_processor_id());
1144         schedule_delayed_work(&__get_cpu_var(vmstat_work),
1145                 round_jiffies_relative(sysctl_stat_interval));
1146 }
1147
1148 static void __cpuinit start_cpu_timer(int cpu)
1149 {
1150         struct delayed_work *work = &per_cpu(vmstat_work, cpu);
1151
1152         INIT_DELAYED_WORK_DEFERRABLE(work, vmstat_update);
1153         schedule_delayed_work_on(cpu, work, __round_jiffies_relative(HZ, cpu));
1154 }
1155
1156 /*
1157  * Use the cpu notifier to insure that the thresholds are recalculated
1158  * when necessary.
1159  */
1160 static int __cpuinit vmstat_cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
1161                 unsigned long action,
1162                 void *hcpu)
1163 {
1164         long cpu = (long)hcpu;
1165
1166         switch (action) {
1167         case CPU_ONLINE:
1168         case CPU_ONLINE_FROZEN:
1169                 refresh_zone_stat_thresholds();
1170                 start_cpu_timer(cpu);
1171                 node_set_state(cpu_to_node(cpu), N_CPU);
1172                 break;
1173         case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
1174         case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE_FROZEN:
1175                 cancel_delayed_work_sync(&per_cpu(vmstat_work, cpu));
1176                 per_cpu(vmstat_work, cpu).work.func = NULL;
1177                 break;
1178         case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
1179         case CPU_DOWN_FAILED_FROZEN:
1180                 start_cpu_timer(cpu);
1181                 break;
1182         case CPU_DEAD:
1183         case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
1184                 refresh_zone_stat_thresholds();
1185                 break;
1186         default:
1187                 break;
1188         }
1189         return NOTIFY_OK;
1190 }
1191
1192 static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata vmstat_notifier =
1193         { &vmstat_cpuup_callback, NULL, 0 };
1194 #endif
1195
1196 static int __init setup_vmstat(void)
1197 {
1198 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1199         int cpu;
1200
1201         refresh_zone_stat_thresholds();
1202         register_cpu_notifier(&vmstat_notifier);
1203
1204         for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
1205                 start_cpu_timer(cpu);
1206 #endif
1207 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1208         proc_create("buddyinfo", S_IRUGO, NULL, &fragmentation_file_operations);
1209         proc_create("pagetypeinfo", S_IRUGO, NULL, &pagetypeinfo_file_ops);
1210         proc_create("vmstat", S_IRUGO, NULL, &proc_vmstat_file_operations);
1211         proc_create("zoneinfo", S_IRUGO, NULL, &proc_zoneinfo_file_operations);
1212 #endif
1213         return 0;
1214 }
1215 module_init(setup_vmstat)
1216
1217 #if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) && defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION)
1218 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
1219
1220 static struct dentry *extfrag_debug_root;
1221
1222 /*
1223  * Return an index indicating how much of the available free memory is
1224  * unusable for an allocation of the requested size.
1225  */
1226 static int unusable_free_index(unsigned int order,
1227                                 struct contig_page_info *info)
1228 {
1229         /* No free memory is interpreted as all free memory is unusable */
1230         if (info->free_pages == 0)
1231                 return 1000;
1232
1233         /*
1234          * Index should be a value between 0 and 1. Return a value to 3
1235          * decimal places.
1236          *
1237          * 0 => no fragmentation
1238          * 1 => high fragmentation
1239          */
1240         return div_u64((info->free_pages - (info->free_blocks_suitable << order)) * 1000ULL, info->free_pages);
1241
1242 }
1243
1244 static void unusable_show_print(struct seq_file *m,
1245                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
1246 {
1247         unsigned int order;
1248         int index;
1249         struct contig_page_info info;
1250
1251         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ",
1252                                 pgdat->node_id,
1253                                 zone->name);
1254         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
1255                 fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
1256                 index = unusable_free_index(order, &info);
1257                 seq_printf(m, "%d.%03d ", index / 1000, index % 1000);
1258         }
1259
1260         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1261 }
1262
1263 /*
1264  * Display unusable free space index
1265  *
1266  * The unusable free space index measures how much of the available free
1267  * memory cannot be used to satisfy an allocation of a given size and is a
1268  * value between 0 and 1. The higher the value, the more of free memory is
1269  * unusable and by implication, the worse the external fragmentation is. This
1270  * can be expressed as a percentage by multiplying by 100.
1271  */
1272 static int unusable_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1273 {
1274         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1275
1276         /* check memoryless node */
1277         if (!node_state(pgdat->node_id, N_HIGH_MEMORY))
1278                 return 0;
1279
1280         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, unusable_show_print);
1281
1282         return 0;
1283 }
1284
1285 static const struct seq_operations unusable_op = {
1286         .start  = frag_start,
1287         .next   = frag_next,
1288         .stop   = frag_stop,
1289         .show   = unusable_show,
1290 };
1291
1292 static int unusable_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1293 {
1294         return seq_open(file, &unusable_op);
1295 }
1296
1297 static const struct file_operations unusable_file_ops = {
1298         .open           = unusable_open,
1299         .read           = seq_read,
1300         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1301         .release        = seq_release,
1302 };
1303
1304 static void extfrag_show_print(struct seq_file *m,
1305                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
1306 {
1307         unsigned int order;
1308         int index;
1309
1310         /* Alloc on stack as interrupts are disabled for zone walk */
1311         struct contig_page_info info;
1312
1313         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ",
1314                                 pgdat->node_id,
1315                                 zone->name);
1316         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
1317                 fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
1318                 index = __fragmentation_index(order, &info);
1319                 seq_printf(m, "%d.%03d ", index / 1000, index % 1000);
1320         }
1321
1322         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1323 }
1324
1325 /*
1326  * Display fragmentation index for orders that allocations would fail for
1327  */
1328 static int extfrag_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1329 {
1330         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1331
1332         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, extfrag_show_print);
1333
1334         return 0;
1335 }
1336
1337 static const struct seq_operations extfrag_op = {
1338         .start  = frag_start,
1339         .next   = frag_next,
1340         .stop   = frag_stop,
1341         .show   = extfrag_show,
1342 };
1343
1344 static int extfrag_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1345 {
1346         return seq_open(file, &extfrag_op);
1347 }
1348
1349 static const struct file_operations extfrag_file_ops = {
1350         .open           = extfrag_open,
1351         .read           = seq_read,
1352         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1353         .release        = seq_release,
1354 };
1355
1356 static int __init extfrag_debug_init(void)
1357 {
1358         extfrag_debug_root = debugfs_create_dir("extfrag", NULL);
1359         if (!extfrag_debug_root)
1360                 return -ENOMEM;
1361
1362         if (!debugfs_create_file("unusable_index", 0444,
1363                         extfrag_debug_root, NULL, &unusable_file_ops))
1364                 return -ENOMEM;
1365
1366         if (!debugfs_create_file("extfrag_index", 0444,
1367                         extfrag_debug_root, NULL, &extfrag_file_ops))
1368                 return -ENOMEM;
1369
1370         return 0;
1371 }
1372
1373 module_init(extfrag_debug_init);
1374 #endif