2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
63 debug - Specifies the debug message level
64 (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
65 2 = verbose debug messages)
66 This option appears only when CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y.
67 This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
68 /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
73 The PCM OSS emulation module.
74 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
76 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
78 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
81 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
83 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
84 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
85 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
86 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
87 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
89 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
90 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
91 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
92 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
97 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
98 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
100 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
102 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
105 Common parameters for top sound card modules
106 --------------------------------------------
108 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
110 index - index (slot #) of sound card
111 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
112 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
113 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
114 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
116 id - card ID (identifier or name)
117 - Can be up to 15 characters long
118 - Default: the card type
119 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
120 containing information about the card
121 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
124 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
129 Module for AdLib FM cards.
131 port - port # for OPL chip
133 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
134 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
135 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
138 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
139 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
140 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
142 Port Client name Port name
143 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
145 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
147 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
149 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
150 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
152 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
157 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
159 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
161 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
166 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
168 port - port # for AD1848 chip
169 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
170 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
172 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
173 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
175 The power-management is supported.
180 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
182 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
183 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
185 This module supports multiple cards.
190 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
192 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
193 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
196 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
198 The power-management is supported.
203 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
205 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
207 The power-management is supported.
212 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
214 This module supports multiple cards.
216 The power-management is supported.
221 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
223 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
224 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
226 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
228 The power-management is supported.
233 Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
235 enable_hpi_hwdep - enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
237 This module supports multiple cards.
238 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
243 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
245 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
246 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
247 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
248 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
249 instead of probing. If this works for you
250 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
252 -1 -- Default behavior.
253 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
254 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
256 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
258 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
259 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
260 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
261 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
263 The power-management is supported.
265 Module snd-atiixp-modem
266 -----------------------
268 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
270 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
272 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
275 The power-management is supported.
277 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
278 -----------------------------------------
280 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
282 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
283 0 = Disable all workarounds
284 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
285 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
286 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
287 3 = Force both settings
288 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
290 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
291 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
292 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
293 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
294 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
295 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
296 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
299 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
300 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
301 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
306 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
308 This module supports multiple cards.
313 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
315 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
317 The power-management is supported.
322 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
324 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
326 This module supports multiple cards.
331 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
333 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
334 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
336 This module supports multiple cards.
338 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
344 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
346 This module supports multiple cards.
352 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
354 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
356 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
358 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
359 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
360 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
361 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
362 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
363 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
364 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
365 fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
366 mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
367 mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
369 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
371 The power-management is supported.
376 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
378 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
379 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
380 0 = disable (default)
381 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
383 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
385 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
387 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
389 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
391 The power-management is supported.
396 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
398 port - port # for CS4231 chip
399 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
400 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
401 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
402 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
403 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
405 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
406 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
408 The power-management is supported.
413 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
414 CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
415 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
417 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
419 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
421 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
422 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
423 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
424 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
425 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
426 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
427 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
428 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
430 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
431 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
432 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
434 The power-management is supported.
436 This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
437 snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
442 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
444 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
446 This module supports multiple cards.
448 The power-management is supported.
453 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
454 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
456 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
457 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
458 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
460 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
461 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
462 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
465 The power-management is supported.
470 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
472 Module snd-cs5535audio
473 ----------------------
475 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
477 The power-management is supported.
482 Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
483 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
484 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
485 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
486 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
487 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
488 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
489 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
490 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
491 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
493 reference_rate - reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
494 multiple - multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
495 subsystem - override the PCI SSID for probing; the value
496 consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID. The default is
497 zero, which means no override.
499 This module supports multiple cards.
504 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
506 This module supports multiple cards.
507 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
512 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
514 This module supports multiple cards.
515 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
520 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
523 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
526 The power-management is supported.
531 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
532 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
533 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
535 pcm_devs - Number of PCM devices assigned to each card
536 (default = 1, up to 4)
537 pcm_substreams - Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM
538 (default = 8, up to 128)
539 hrtimer - Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
540 fake_buffer - Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
542 When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
543 behavior to each PCM device:
544 0 = interleaved with mmap support
545 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
546 2 = interleaved without mmap
547 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
549 As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
550 but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
551 buffer pages, in order to save the resouces. If your apps need
552 the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
555 The power-management is supported.
560 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
562 This module supports multiple cards.
563 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
568 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
569 * Sound Blaster Live!
570 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
571 * Emu APS (partially supported)
572 * Sound Blaster Audigy
574 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
575 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
576 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
577 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
578 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
579 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
580 enable_ir - enable IR
582 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
584 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
585 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
586 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
587 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
588 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
589 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
590 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
591 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
592 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
593 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
594 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
595 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
596 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
598 The power-management is supported.
603 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
605 This module supports multiple cards.
610 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
611 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
612 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
614 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
616 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
618 The power-management is supported.
623 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
624 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
625 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
626 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
628 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
629 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
631 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
633 The power-management is supported.
638 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
640 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
641 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
642 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
643 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
645 with isapnp=0, the following additional options are available:
646 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
647 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
648 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
650 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
651 and PnP with the ES968 chip.
656 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
658 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
660 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
662 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
663 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
664 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
665 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
666 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
667 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
669 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
670 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
671 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
673 The power-management is supported.
678 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
680 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
682 The power-management is supported.
687 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
689 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
690 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
691 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
692 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
693 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
695 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
696 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
698 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
700 The power-management is supported.
705 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
707 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
708 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
709 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
710 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
711 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
712 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
714 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
716 The power-management is supported.
721 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
723 This module supports multiple cards.
724 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
729 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
731 This module supports multiple cards.
732 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
734 Module snd-gusclassic
735 ---------------------
737 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
739 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
740 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
741 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
742 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
743 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
744 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
745 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
747 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
749 Module snd-gusextreme
750 ---------------------
752 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
754 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
755 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
756 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
757 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
758 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
759 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
760 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
761 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
762 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
763 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
764 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
766 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
771 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
773 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
774 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
775 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
776 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
777 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
778 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
779 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
781 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
786 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
788 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
789 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
793 [Multiple options for each card instance]
794 model - force the model name
795 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF)
796 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
797 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
798 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
799 slots regardless what hardware reports back
800 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
801 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
802 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
803 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
804 value based on the controller chip.
805 patch - Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio
806 setup before initializing the codecs. This option is
807 available only when CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y is set.
808 See HD-Audio.txt for details.
809 beep_mode - Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on, 2=
810 dynamic registration via mute switch on/off); the default
811 value is set via CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE kconfig.
813 [Single (global) options]
814 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
815 codecs (for debugging only)
816 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
817 power_save - Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 =
819 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
822 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
824 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
827 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
828 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
829 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
830 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
831 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
832 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
834 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
835 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
836 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
838 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
839 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
840 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
841 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
843 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
844 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
846 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
847 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
848 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
849 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
850 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
851 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
854 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
855 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
856 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
857 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
858 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
859 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
860 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
861 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
862 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
863 avoided as much as possible...
865 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
866 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
867 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
868 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
869 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
870 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
871 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
872 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
873 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
874 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
876 The power-management is supported.
881 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
883 This module supports multiple cards.
885 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
886 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
887 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
889 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
891 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
892 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
893 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
894 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
895 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
901 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
903 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
904 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
905 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
907 See hdspm.txt for details.
912 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
914 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
919 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
920 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
921 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
922 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
923 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
924 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
925 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
926 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
932 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
933 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
934 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
935 * Event Electronics, EZ8
937 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
940 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
941 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
942 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
943 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
944 phase88, mediastation
945 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
946 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
947 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
949 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
950 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
953 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
954 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
955 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
956 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
962 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
963 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
964 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
965 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
967 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
968 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
969 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
972 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
973 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
974 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
975 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
976 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
977 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
979 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
989 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
990 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
992 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
993 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
994 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
995 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
996 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
997 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
999 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1001 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1002 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1003 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1004 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1010 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1012 This module supports multiple cards.
1013 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1018 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1020 This module supports multiple cards.
1021 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1026 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1028 This module supports multiple cards.
1029 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1034 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1035 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1036 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
1037 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1038 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1040 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1043 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1044 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1045 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1046 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1047 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1049 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1050 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1052 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1053 from the controller chip
1054 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1056 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1058 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1059 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1060 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1062 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1063 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1064 modules, respectively.
1066 The power-management is supported.
1068 Module snd-intel8x0m
1069 --------------------
1071 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1072 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1074 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1075 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1079 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1081 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1083 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1086 The power-management is supported.
1088 Module snd-interwave
1089 --------------------
1091 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1092 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1094 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1095 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1096 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1097 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1099 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1101 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1103 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1104 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1105 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1106 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1108 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1110 Module snd-interwave-stb
1111 ------------------------
1113 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1114 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1115 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1117 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1118 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1119 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1120 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1122 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1124 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1126 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1127 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1128 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1129 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1130 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1132 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1137 Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1138 MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1140 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1141 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1142 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1143 dma16 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1144 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1145 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1147 This module supports multiple cards.
1152 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1154 This module supports multiple cards.
1159 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1161 This module supports multiple cards.
1162 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1167 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1169 This module supports multiple cards.
1170 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1175 Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1177 This module supports multiple cards.
1182 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1184 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1185 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1186 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1189 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1191 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1192 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1193 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1194 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1197 The power-management is supported.
1202 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1204 This module supports multiple cards.
1205 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1210 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1212 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1214 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1215 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1216 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1217 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1218 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1219 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1220 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1221 wss - enable WSS mode
1222 ide - enable onboard ide support
1227 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1229 This module supports multiple cards.
1230 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1231 See MIXART.txt for details.
1233 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1234 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1235 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1236 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1237 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1242 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1244 This module supports multiple cards.
1245 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1250 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1252 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1253 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1254 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1256 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1258 Module snd-msnd-classic
1259 -----------------------
1261 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1264 io - Port # for msnd-classic card
1265 irq - IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1266 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1268 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1269 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1270 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1271 digital - Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1272 cfg - Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1273 reset - Reset all devices
1274 mpu_io - MPU401 I/O port
1275 mpu_irq - MPU401 irq#
1276 ide_io0 - IDE port #0
1277 ide_io1 - IDE port #1
1279 joystick_io - Joystick I/O port
1281 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
1282 "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1284 See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
1285 about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1286 Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1288 http://www.turtlebeach.com
1290 Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1291 ------------------------
1293 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1295 io - Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1296 irq - IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1297 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1299 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1300 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1301 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1303 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
1304 "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1309 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1312 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1313 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1314 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1316 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1321 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1323 This module supports multiple devices.
1324 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1329 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1331 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1332 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1333 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1334 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1335 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1336 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1337 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1338 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1341 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1343 The power-management is supported.
1345 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1346 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1347 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1348 the buffer_top option.
1350 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1351 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1352 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1353 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1354 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1357 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1358 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1359 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1360 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1361 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1362 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1363 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1365 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1366 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1367 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1368 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1370 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1371 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1372 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1373 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1375 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1376 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1377 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1378 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1379 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1380 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1386 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1388 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1390 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1392 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1393 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1394 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1395 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1396 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1397 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1398 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1399 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1401 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1402 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1404 The power-management is supported.
1406 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1407 -------------------------
1409 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1410 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1412 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1414 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1416 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1417 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1418 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1419 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1420 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1421 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1423 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1425 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1426 -------------------------
1428 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1430 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1432 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1434 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1435 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1436 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1437 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1438 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1439 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1440 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1442 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1447 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1449 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1451 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1453 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1454 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1455 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1456 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1457 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1458 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1459 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1461 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1466 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1468 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1470 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1471 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1472 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1473 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1476 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1481 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1483 nopcm - Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1484 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1486 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1487 even a few mixer controls.
1492 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1494 This module supports multiple cards.
1496 Module snd-portman2x4
1497 ---------------------
1499 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1501 This module supports multiple cards.
1503 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1504 ---------------------------------
1506 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1508 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1510 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1512 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1514 The power-management is supported.
1516 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1517 ------------------------------------
1519 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1521 For ARM architecture only.
1523 The power-management is supported.
1528 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1530 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1531 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1532 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1534 This module supports multiple cards.
1535 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1536 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1537 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1542 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1543 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1545 This module supports multiple cards.
1550 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1552 This module supports multiple cards.
1557 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1559 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1562 This module supports multiple cards.
1564 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1565 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1566 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1567 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1568 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1571 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1572 ---------------------------------------
1574 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1576 Module supports only one card.
1577 Module has no enable and index options.
1579 The power-management is supported.
1584 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1588 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1589 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1590 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1592 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1594 The power-management is supported.
1596 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1597 -----------------------------
1599 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1600 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1601 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1603 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1604 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1605 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1607 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1609 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1610 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1611 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1612 (snd-sbawe module only)
1613 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1614 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1615 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1617 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1619 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1620 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1621 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1622 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1625 The power-management is supported.
1630 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600
1633 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1634 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1635 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1636 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1638 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1640 This module supports multiple cards.
1642 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1647 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1649 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1650 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1651 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1654 This module supports multiple cards.
1656 The power-management is supported.
1661 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
1663 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1664 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1665 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1666 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1667 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1668 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1669 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1671 This module supports multiple cards.
1673 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1675 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1676 --------------------------------------
1678 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1680 This module supports multiple cards.
1682 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1683 -------------------------------------
1685 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1687 This module supports multiple cards.
1689 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1690 -----------------------------------
1692 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1694 This module supports multiple cards.
1696 Module snd-wavefront
1697 --------------------
1699 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1701 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1702 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1703 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1705 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1707 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1708 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1709 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1710 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1711 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1712 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1713 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1714 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1715 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1717 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1718 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1719 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1720 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1721 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1722 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1723 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1724 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1725 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1726 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1727 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1729 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1730 based on my limited experimentation.
1731 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1732 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1733 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1734 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1736 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1737 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1738 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1740 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1742 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1743 (default:wavefront.os)
1744 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1745 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1746 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1748 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1750 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1752 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1755 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1757 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1758 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1759 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1760 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1761 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1763 Module snd-sonicvibes
1764 ---------------------
1766 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1767 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1769 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1770 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1771 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1773 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1775 Module snd-serial-u16550
1776 ------------------------
1778 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1780 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1781 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1782 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1784 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1786 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1788 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1789 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1790 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1792 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1793 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1798 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1799 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1801 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1804 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1805 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1806 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1807 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1808 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1810 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1811 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1813 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1815 The power-management is supported.
1820 Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
1822 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1824 Module snd-usb-audio
1825 --------------------
1827 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1829 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1830 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1831 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1832 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1833 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1834 - Influence depends on the device
1836 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1837 interface (default: no)
1839 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1841 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1842 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1844 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1845 debugging purpose (if any).
1846 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1847 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1848 buggy USB device or the controller.
1850 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1851 --------------------
1853 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1854 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1855 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1856 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1857 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1859 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1861 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1862 --------------------
1864 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1866 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1868 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1869 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1874 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1875 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1877 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1879 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1880 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1881 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1882 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1883 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1884 rate and different sample rates on different
1886 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1887 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1888 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1890 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1892 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1893 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1894 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1895 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1896 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1898 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1899 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1900 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1901 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1903 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1904 except for the known devices since the output is often
1905 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1907 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1908 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1909 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1911 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1912 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1913 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1914 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1915 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1916 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1917 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1918 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1919 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1922 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1923 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1925 The power-management is supported.
1927 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1928 ------------------------
1930 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1932 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1934 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1936 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1939 The power-management is supported.
1944 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1945 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1946 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1948 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1950 This module supports multiple cards.
1955 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips,
1956 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), Essence ST
1957 (Deluxe) and Essence STX.
1959 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1964 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1966 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1967 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1969 This module supports multiple cards.
1971 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1972 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1973 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1974 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1975 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1976 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1978 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1980 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1981 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1982 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1983 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1984 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1985 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1986 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1988 The power-management is supported.
1993 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
1995 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1997 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
1998 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2000 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2001 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2002 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2003 longer require a config file.
2005 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2006 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2007 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2008 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2009 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2011 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2013 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2016 The power-management is supported.
2021 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2023 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2024 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2025 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2026 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2027 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2029 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2031 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2033 The power-management is supported.
2035 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2036 --------------------
2038 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2040 The power-management is supported.
2046 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2047 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2048 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2049 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2050 specifications from version to version :-)
2052 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2053 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2054 the proper value with this option.
2056 The following strings are accepted:
2057 - default Don't override the default setting
2058 - none Disable the quirk
2059 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2060 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2061 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2062 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2063 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2064 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2065 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2067 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2068 ... are accepted, too.
2070 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2071 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2074 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2075 ============================
2077 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2078 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2079 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2080 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2081 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2083 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2084 will be not built in.
2087 Module Autoloading Support
2088 ==========================
2090 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2091 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2092 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2094 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2095 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2096 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2097 as the same card module.
2099 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2100 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2101 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2102 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2103 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2105 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2106 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2107 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2108 sound cards in that option.
2110 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2111 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2112 cards is kept consistent.
2114 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2116 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2118 options snd cards_limit=2
2119 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2120 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2121 options snd-interwave index=0
2122 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2124 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2125 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2126 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2128 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2129 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2131 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2132 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2135 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2137 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2138 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2139 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2140 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2142 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2143 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2144 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2145 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2146 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2148 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2149 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2150 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2153 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2154 =======================================
2156 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2157 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2158 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2159 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2160 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2161 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2162 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2163 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2164 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2166 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2167 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2168 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2169 playback, respectively.
2171 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2172 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2175 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2176 ==============================
2178 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2179 -------------------------------
2180 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2181 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2183 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2184 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2185 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2186 <options> - optional parameters
2187 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2188 this channel but does not want to use it.
2189 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2190 It's good for Quake etc...
2191 - direct don't use plugins
2192 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2193 - non-block force non-block mode
2194 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2196 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2197 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2198 instead of filled blocks
2200 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2201 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2202 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2205 Early Buffer Allocation
2206 =======================
2208 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2209 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2210 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2211 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2212 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2213 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2215 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2216 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2217 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2219 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2221 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2222 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2223 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2224 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2225 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2226 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2227 than 0. The max number is 4.
2231 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2238 ALSA project homepage
2239 http://www.alsa-project.org
2242 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2245 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2248 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
git.openpandora.org / pandora-kernel.git / blob