exofs: dir_inode and directory operations

implementation of directory and inode operations.

* A directory is treated as a file, and essentially contains a list
  of <file name, inode #> pairs for files that are found in that
  directory. The object IDs correspond to the files' inode numbers
  and are allocated using a 64bit incrementing global counter.
* Each file's control block (AKA on-disk inode) is stored in its
  object's attributes. This applies to both regular files and other
  types (directories, device files, symlinks, etc.).

Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>