time: Remove most of xtime_lock usage in timekeeping.c

Now that ntp.c's locking is reworked, we can remove most
of the xtime_lock usage in timekeeping.c

The remaining xtime_lock presence is really for jiffies access
and the global load calculation.

CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
CC: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>