clk: pass parent_rate into .set_rate

For most of .set_rate implementation, parent_rate will be used, so just
like passing parent_rate into .recalc_rate, let's pass parent_rate into
.set_rate too.

It also updates the kernel doc for .set_rate ops.

Signed-off-by: Shawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>