fix d_walk()/non-delayed __d_free() race

fix d_walk()/non-delayed __d_free() race

commit 3d56c25e3bb0726a5c5e16fc2d9e38f8ed763085 upstream.

Ascend-to-parent logics in d_walk() depends on all encountered child
dentries not getting freed without an RCU delay.  Unfortunately, in
quite a few cases it is not true, with hard-to-hit oopsable race as
the result.

Fortunately, the fix is simiple; right now the rule is "if it ever
been hashed, freeing must be delayed" and changing it to "if it
ever had a parent, freeing must be delayed" closes that hole and
covers all cases the old rule used to cover.  Moreover, pipes and
sockets remain _not_ covered, so we do not introduce RCU delay in
the cases which are the reason for having that delay conditional
in the first place.

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
[bwh: Backported to 3.2:
 - Adjust context
 - Also set the flag in __d_materialise_dentry())]
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>